梨小食心虫对LED光的趋性及影响因素的研究
The phototaxis of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck
刘彦飞 于海利 仵均祥
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作者单位：植保资源与害虫治理教育部重点实验室；西北农林科技大学应用昆虫学重点实验室 陕西 杨凌，712100
中文关键词：梨小食心虫，LED光，趋光性，诱捕效果
英文关键词： Grapholita molesta Busck; LED light; Phototaxis; Trapping effect
中文摘要：为了明确梨小食心虫对LED光的趋性及果园利用LED光诱捕梨小食心虫的效果，为开发基于梨小食心虫趋光行为的新防治手段提供依据。本研究通过室内观察梨小食心虫成虫对不同波长的4种LED光及白光的趋性及暗适应时间、性别、日龄和光照强度对趋光性的影响，进一步调查了LED光对田间梨小食心虫成虫的诱捕效果。结果表明：在室内条件下，梨小食心虫成虫对520nm的绿光趋性最强。1-5日龄成虫中，以3日龄成虫趋光性最强，且雌虫趋光性显著高于雄虫。在暗适应0.5-3.0h范围内，梨小食心虫成虫的趋光性表现为“抛物线形”，以暗适应2.0h时趋光性最强，并显著高于其它暗适应处理时间。在550、650、750、850Lux光照强度下，以650Lux光强时的趋光性最强。田间诱捕结果表明，不同颜色的LED灯对梨小食心虫的诱捕效果均不理想，不适于梨小食心虫的防治。
英文摘要：It is necessary to make clear phototaxis and trapping effects in providing a basis for developing a new control measure based on the phototaxis behavior of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck to LED light in orchards. In this study, both phototaxis of the oriental fruit moth to LED light with different wavelengths and effects of dark adaptation time, gender, age and light intensity on phototaxis were investigated in indoor. The trapping effect of the LED lights on the oriental fruit moth was studied in orchards. The results showed that the oriental fruit moth displayed the most tropism to green LED light with wavelength of 520nm compared with any other tested LED light in indoor. Among the 1-5 day-age adults, 3 day-age adults had the strongest phototaxis. The phototaxis of female adults was significantly higher than that of male adults in all experiments with the same wavelength of LED light or day-age of adult. The phototaxis of oriental fruit moth performanced as a parabolic-type within dark adaptation time of 0.5-3.0h. The strongest phototaxis was found when the adults were treated by dark adaptation time of 2.0h. A strongest phototaxis was known when light intensities of 650 Lux was used. The field experiments showed that it was not suitable to use the LED lights tested for prevention and controlling of the oriental fruit moth because of the poor trapping effect in this study.