不同生育期剪叶对水稻生长、产量及生理的影响
Effect of leaf cutting at different growth stages on growth, yield and physiological traits of two rice cultivars
吴降星1 郑许松2 周光华3 刘桂良1 徐红星2 杨亚军2 吕仲贤2
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作者单位：1 宁波 315012；2.浙江省农业科学院 植物保护与微生物研究所 杭州 310021；3.奉化市农业技术服务总站 奉化 315500
中文关键词：稻纵卷叶螟，剪叶，生长，产量，根系活力
英文关键词：Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, leaf cutting, growth, yield, root system activity
中文摘要：
对两个水稻品种（超级杂交稻甬优8号和常规粳稻宁88稻株）进行了不同生育期（苗期、分蘖期和孕穗期）稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée为害损失率剪叶模拟试验，测定了不同程度剪叶（苗期和分蘖期10%、30%、50%和70%，孕穗期10%、20%、30%和50%）对水稻生长和产量及剪叶后水稻叶片叶绿素含量和根系活力的影响。结果表明，苗期和分蘖期剪叶10%~70%均不会影响水稻生长和产量，适当地剪叶反而有增产趋势。在孕穗期剪叶率小于10%时，产量基本不受影响；剪叶率30%时，产量损失小于10%；剪叶率50%时，产量损失20%~25%。苗期和分蘖期剪叶后，叶片中叶绿素含量不变，根系生长和根系活力增强。这说明，水稻生长前期对叶片受害有较强的耐受和补偿能力，对稻纵卷叶螟前期为害可减少化学防治。
英文摘要：cuttin Leaf g tests simulating the damage caused by leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, were carried out to measure yield loss of rice at different growth stages (seedling stage, tillering stage and booting stage). Also, chlorophyll content and root system activity were measured after various extents of cutting (10%, 30%, 50% and 70% in the seedling and tillering stage, 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% in the booting sage ) of the leaves of two rice varieties; super rice variety Yongyou 8 and japonica rice variety Ning 88. 10-70% cutting at the seedling stage and tillering stage did not to affect rice yield and growth, and might actually increase rice yield. At the booting stage, yield was not affected when less than 10% of the leaf was cut; yield loss was less than 10% when <20% of the leaf was cut；and yield loss was 20-25% when 50% of the leaf was cut. Leaf cutting at the seedling and tillering stages caused little change in chlorophyll content, while root system activity was enhanced. This implies that rice has strong tolerance for leaf damage before the booting stage. We suggest that chemical control of the leaf folder can be reduced in the early growth period of rice.