避难所对七星瓢虫捕食桃蚜功能反应的影响
Effect of refuge on the functional response of Coccinella septempunctata L. feeding on Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
王珏 游秀峰 李慧玲 孙淑君 李为争
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作者单位：河南农业大学植物保护学院
中文关键词：七星瓢虫，桃蚜，避难所，功能反应，Holling圆盘方程，随机捕食方程
英文关键词：Coccinella septempunctata, Myzus persicae, refuge, functional response, Holling disc equation, random predation equation
中文摘要：自然情况下的捕食是以植物为中介发生的。作者采用植物模型作为捕食环境，测试了单纯的物理因素（避难所）对七星瓢虫捕食桃蚜的功能反应的影响。结果表明，避难所的存在能造成七星瓢虫捕食量和捕食率极显著下降，对雄虫的影响显著比雌虫强，且在中等猎物密度时影响更为突出。Logistic回归分析发现，七星瓢虫雌虫和雄虫无论避难所是否存在，功能反应类型均为HollingⅡ型。避难所不存在的情况下，雌、雄成虫的圆盘方程分别为Na = 1.0259 N0 /（1 + 0.003078 N0）和Na = 0.9246 N0 /（1 + 0.002127 N0），避难所存在的情况下，其圆盘方程分别为Na = 0.9500 N0 /（1 + 0.00342 N0）和Na = 0.6463 N0 /（1 + 0.002262 N0）。避难所的存在能导致两性成虫瞬时攻击率极显著下降，但仅雄虫处置时间极显著延长，说明雄虫在环境异质性较高时捕获猎物更困难。
英文摘要：Predation generally occurs on plants in nature. The author studied the effect of pure physical factor (prey refuge) on the functional response of Coccinella septempunctata L. feeding on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) using artificial plant model in the environment. The results show that the presence of prey refuge caused dramatic decrease in the prey consumption and the predation rate, and this effect is more prominent on males than that on females. The refuge effect exhibited maximium when moderate densities of preys were offered. The logistic regression indicates that the presence of refuge did not alter the type of functional response. In the absence of refuge, the Holling disc equations of females and males were Na = 1.0259 N0 /（1 + 0.003078 N0）and Na = 0.9246 N0 /（1 + 0.002127 N0）, respectively; and which were Na = 0.9500 N0 /(1 + 0.00342 N0) and Na = 0.6463 N0 /(1 + 0.002262 N0) in the presence of refuge, respectively. The refuge caused significant decrease of the instantaneous attack rates of both sexes, while only the handling time of the males significantly prolonged, suggesting that the males of predatory coccinellids were more difficult in capturing preys under complex habitats than the females.