利用分子标记18S rDNA 对天牛高阶元进化关系的研究
Evolutionary relationships among the higher taxa of longicorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycoidea) based on ribosomal 18S rDNA
魏子涵1** 尹新明1*** 安世恒1 李 京1 张鸿飞2
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作者单位：1. 河南农业大学植物保护学院 郑州 450002；2. 河南农业大学生命科学学院 郑州 450002
中文关键词：天牛，18S rDNA，分子标记，进化关系
英文关键词： longicorn beetles, 18S rDNA, molecular marker, evolutionary relationships
中文摘要：
【目的】 构建天牛总科高阶元的进化关系，为解决天牛各亚科之间进化关系和归属提供依据。【方法】 本研究采用18S rDNA（V4、V7区）分子标记，分析和测定了49种天牛基因序列，并结合GenBank数据库中3科2亚科21种天牛的18S rDNA基因序列，采用邻近法（Neighbor Jointing，NJ）、贝叶斯推论法（Bayesian Inference，BI）和最大似然法（Maximum Likelihood），对天牛总科3科6亚科的70种天牛基因序列构建进化树，探讨天牛高阶元类群的进化关系。【结果】 研究表明：序列分析比对后得到序列为703 bp，碱基A、T、C、G的含量分别为21.1%、26.3%、23.6%和28.9%；变异位点（Variable sites）98个占全部位点的13.9%，简约信息位点（Parsimony informative sites）45个占全部位点的6.4%；转换（Transition）/颠换（Transversion）的平均值R值为2.79，转换大于颠换。进化树结果显示沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae、天牛亚科Cerambycinae、锯天牛亚科Prioninae和瘦天牛科Disteniidae为单系性进化群，这与传统形态学分类结果相似。【结论】 本研究成功构建了天牛总科高阶元的系统发育树，研究证明18S rDNA（V4、V7区）是探讨天牛高级阶元分类有效的分子标记。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To reconstruct relationships among the higher taxa of the Cerambycoidea to provide a foundation for further phylogenic study of subfamilies in this taxon. [Methods] Phylogenetic relationships among 70 species representing 6 subfamilies and 3 families were investigated, including 49 newly sequenced species and 21 species for which gene sequences were obtained from the GenBank database. Partial ribosomal 18S rDNA (V4, V7) data were chosen to reconstruct phylogenic trees based on Neighbor Jointing (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods. [Results] Sequence analysis indicated that the 703 sites obtained after alignment contained 98 variable sites and 45 parsimony informative sites accounting for 13.9% and 6.4% of the total, respectively. The percentage of A, T, C, and G was 21.1%, 26.3%, 23.6% and 28.9%, respectively. The transition:transversion ratio reached 2.79. Phylogenetic trees based on Neighbor Jointing (NJ), Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods were consistent with the traditional morphological classification in indicating that the Lamiinae, Cerambycinae, Prioninae, Disteniidae are monophyletic groups. [Conclusion] Phylogenetic trees can be successfully reconstructed for higher taxa of the Cerambycoidea and the ribosomal 18S rDNA is a useful genetic marker for this task.