西花蓟马对花卉寄主颜色和挥发物的选择性
The selectivity of Frankliniella occidentalis for the color andvolatiles of four host plants
曹 宇** 刘 燕 王 春 熊正利 李 灿***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.050
作者单位：贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院，有害生物控制与资源利用贵州省教育厅特色重点实验室，贵阳 550005
中文关键词：西花蓟马，寄主选择性，颜色，挥发物，Y型嗅觉仪
英文关键词：Frankliniella occidentalis, host selectivity, color, volatiles, Y-tube olfactometer
中文摘要：
【目的】 探究寄主颜色、挥发物在西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis（Pergande）寄主选择中的作用。【方法】 采用叶碟法和Y型嗅觉仪法，测定了西花蓟马对4种寄主（黄花美人蕉、黄花槐、凤尾兰和夹竹桃）的颜色和挥发物的选择性。【结果】 颜色选择中，西花蓟马最偏好夹竹桃的叶，黄花槐和黄花美人蕉的花；对叶、花总的偏好性次序为黄花美人蕉（花）、黄花槐（花）＞凤尾兰（花）＞黄花美人蕉（叶）、夹竹桃（叶）＞黄花槐（叶）、凤尾兰（叶）、夹竹桃（花）。挥发物选择中，与空气对照时，西花蓟马都显著偏好寄主的叶和花；叶相互对照中，最为偏好黄花美人蕉和黄花槐；花相互对照中，最为偏好黄花美人蕉；叶与花对照时，西花蓟马对花的偏好性显著强于叶，其对寄主叶、花挥发物总的偏好性为黄花美人蕉（花）＞黄花槐（花）＞凤尾兰（花）＞夹竹桃（花）＞黄花美人蕉（叶）≥黄花槐（叶）、夹竹桃（叶）＞凤尾兰（叶），与其对颜色的偏好性并不完全一致。【结论】 寄主颜色和挥发物对西花蓟马的寄主选择有着重要影响，西花蓟马不仅对不同寄主的颜色和挥发物有不同偏好性，对寄主不同器官的颜色和挥发物也具有不同的偏好性。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To explore the role of host color and volatiles on the host selectivity of Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande). [Methods] The selectivity of F. occidentalis for the color and volatiles of four hosts, Cannaceae indica var. flava, Sophora xanthantha, Yucca gloriosa and Nerium indicum, was tested. Color choices were conducted by observation in petri-dishes and olfactory responses were measured in a Y-tube olfactometer. [Results] Of the four host plants tested, F. occidentalis preferred the leaf color of N. indicum, but preferred the flower color of S. xanthantha and C. indica var. flava. The general order of color preference was C. indica var. flava ( flower )、S. xanthantha ( flower ) > Y. gloriosa ( flower ) > C. indica var. flava ( leaf ), N. indicum ( leaf ) > S. xanthantha ( leaf ), Y. gloriosa ( leaf ), N. indicum ( flower ). In the olfaction tests, F. occidentalis preferred host leaves and flowers to clean air. With respect to host leaves, F. occidentalis mostly preferred C. indica var. flava and S. xanthantha, whereas with respect to host flowers it preferred to C. indica var. flava. F. occidentalis preferred flower volatiles of to leaf volatiles from any of 4 host plants. The general order of volatile preference was C. indica var. flava ( flower ) > S. xanthantha ( flower ) > Y. gloriosa ( flower ) > N. indicum ( flower ) > C. indica var. flava ( leaf )≥ S. xanthantha ( leaf )、N. indicum ( leaf ) > Y. gloriosa ( leaf ), which is not completely consistent with the order of color preference. [Conclusion] Host color and volatiles have significant influence in the selectivity of F. occidentalis. Not only did F. occidentalis have different preferences with respect to the color and volatiles of different hosts, but also to those of different host organs.