不同离体寄主及其成熟度对亚洲柑桔木虱存活的影响
Effects of different host plants, host plant maturity and intact host plants versus detached host plant stems on the survival ofDiaphorina citri Kuwayama
吴丰年** 岑伊静 梁广文***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.079
作者单位：华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室，广州 510642
中文关键词：亚洲柑桔木虱，寄主植物，离体梢，饲养，存活率
英文关键词：Diaphorina citri, host plant, detached shoot, rearing, survival rate
中文摘要：
【目的】 亚洲柑桔木虱iaphorina citri Kuwayama的虫口密度及活动与柑桔黄龙病的田间传播、流行有十分密切的关系，寻找合适的室内饲养条件能够便于观察和研究其生物学特性和传病机制。 【方法】 本文以九里香Murraya exotica (L.) Mant.、酸桔Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka和马水桔Citrus reticulata Blanco. cv. Mashuiju 3种寄主植物不同成熟度离体梢为研究材料，（1）比较亚洲柑桔木虱卵分别在3种寄主植株和离体嫩梢上的孵化率；（2）比较3种寄主不同成熟度离体梢对各龄若虫存活率和蜕皮的影响；（3）比较3种寄主不同成熟度离体梢对成虫存活率的影响。【结果】 （1）亚洲柑桔木虱在植株嫩梢上卵的孵化率高于离体嫩梢，九里香表现最明显；（2）低龄若虫在叶片未完全展开的离体嫩梢上存活率最高，而高龄若虫在完全展开的嫩梢上最高；（3）用离体成熟梢饲养柑桔木虱成虫存活率高于离体嫩梢，酸桔和马水桔离体梢饲养的存活率较九里香高。【结论】 用寄主植物离体梢饲养的亚洲柑桔木虱卵孵化率和若虫、成虫存活率都较高而且较稳定，该方法可用于这种木虱的室内繁殖中。
英文摘要： [Objectives] The density and movements of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) are strongly associated with the spread and epidemics of Huanglongbing (HLB). Finding suitable conditions for rearing D. citri are essential for observation of the biological characteristics of, and research on, the HLB transmission mechanism. [Methods] Entire host plants and detached shoots of 3 host species, Murraya exotica (L.) Mant., Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka and Citrus reticulata Blanco. cv. Mashuiju at different stages of maturity were used as host materials to compare the effects of these treatments on 1) psyllid egg hatch rate, 2) the survival and molting of psyllid nymphs, 3) the survival of psyllid adults. [Results] 1）Hatching success on host plants, especially M. exotica, was higher than on detached shoots, 2) survival rates of early stage nymphs was the highest on folded young shoots, whereas survival of late stage nymphs was highest on unfolded young shoots, 3) the survival rates of psyllid adults on detached mature shoots was higher than on young shoots, and survival rates on detached shoots of C. sunki and C. reticulata were higher than on M. exotica. [Conclusion] Egg hatching success and survival rates of nymphs and adults of D. citri were high and stable when fed on the detached shoots of host plants. This method can be used for rearing this psyllid species under laboratory conditions.