南方部分地区烟粉虱及其寄生蜂内共生菌Cardinium的检测及其系统发育关系
The phylogeny of south China populations of Bemisia tabaci and Encarsia parasitoid wasps in relation to infectionwith the Cardinium endosymbiont
尹祥杰** 孙秀新 Muhammad Z Ahmed 任顺祥 邱宝利***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.122
作者单位：华南农业大学昆虫学系，生物防治教育部工程研究中心，广州 510640
中文关键词：烟粉虱，蚜小蜂，Cardinium，内共生菌，协同进化，水平传播
英文关键词：Bemisia tabaci, aphelinid parasitoid, Cardinium, endosymbiont, coevolution, horizontal transmission
中文摘要：
【目的】 研究我国南方四个省份6个烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci种群和2个蚜小蜂种群内共生菌Cardinium的感染率及其系统发育关系。【方法】 利用PCR技术与DNA测序技术检测来自广州、肇庆、南宁、昆明、厦门烟粉虱种群以及广州2个蚜小蜂种群内Cardinium的感染情况，通过基于mtCOⅠ DNA序列和16S rRNA 序列建立烟粉虱和Cardinium系统进化树，分析烟粉虱、寄生蜂和共生菌Cardinium的协同进化关系。【结果】 广州的AsiaII1与AsiaII7烟粉虱种群、肇庆与南宁的MEAM1烟粉虱种群、昆明与厦门的Mediterranean烟粉虱种群以及广州的丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa、双斑蚜小蜂Encarsia bimaculata种群体内都有Cardinium的感染，且以Mediterranean与土著的AsiaII1、AsiaII7感染率较高（65.2%~92.5%），寄生蜂体内的感染率较低（16.7%~18.6%）。通过进化树对比分析发现，Cardinium与烟粉虱寄主之间无协同进化现象，但是 Cardinium在烟粉虱不同地理种群之间，烟粉虱与寄生蜂之间的同源性超过98%。【结论】 Cardinium在两种寄主昆虫之间进行相互感染与传播的概率较大，寄生蜂可能是Cardinium在不同烟粉虱种群之间水平传播的桥梁之一。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To investigate the relationship between the phylogeny of four Bemisia tabaci cryptic species (six populations), two species of Encarsia parasitoid (two populations), and infection with the Cardinium endosymbiont. [Methods] Whitefly and parasitoid samples were collected from Guangzhou, Zhaoqing, Nanning, Kunming and Xiamen, respectively. The Cardinium endosymbiont was first detected by PCR with special primers. Its cophylogeny with whitefly and parasitoid hosts was analyzed based on its 16S rRNA sequences and hosts’ mt COⅠ sequences. [Results] Whitefly B. tabaci AsiaII1 and AsiaII7 from Guangzhou, MEAM1 from Nanning and Zhaoqing, Mediterranean from Xiamen and Kunming, as well as Encarsia formosa and E. bimaculata, were all infected with Cardinium. Infection rates of the B. tabaci Mediterranean, AsiaII1 and AsiaII7 strains were much higher (65.2%-92.5%) than in the B. tabaci MEAM1 and two Encarsia parasitoids (16.7%-18.6%). No copholygenetic relationships were found between Cardinium and the different whitefly and parasitoid hosts. However, the sequence homology of Cardinium from B. tabaci populations from China and seven other countries and the two Encarsia parasitoids was > 98.0%. [Conclusions] There is a high probability for Cardinium to be horizontally transmitted between different whitefly populations and parasitoids may be an intermediate host for the horizontal transmission of Cardinium.