槐绿虎天牛对葡萄和杏11种挥发物的EAG及行为反应
Research on the EAG and behavioral responses of Chlorophorus diadema to eleven Vitis vinifera and Prunus armeniaca volatiles
张 嫣** 刘 强*** 朱耿平 李 敏
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.133
作者单位：天津市动植物抗性重点实验室，天津师范大学生命科学学院，天津 300387
中文关键词：槐绿虎天牛，寄主植物，非寄主植物，挥发物，生理，行为，引诱活性
英文关键词：Chlorophorus diadema, hostplant, non-hostplant, volatiles, philogy, EAG response, behavioral response, activity
中文摘要：【目的】 为了研究槐绿虎天牛Chlorophorus diadema（Motschulsky）成虫对寄主植物葡萄6种挥发物和非寄主杏5种挥发物的引诱活性。【方法】 通过触角电位（EAG）和嗅觉行为测定，分析槐绿虎天牛对11种挥发物单组分和其19种组合配方的EAG和行为反应。【结果】 结果显示对槐绿虎天牛具引诱活性有10种单组分和12种组合配方，EAG反应结果中，各组分反应强弱依次为：N（非寄主配方）、M（非寄主配方）、B（寄主配方）、O（非寄主配方）、反式-2-己烯-1-醇、K（非寄主配方）、反-2-己烯醛、亚油酸甲酯、A（寄主配方）、D（寄主配方）、J（非寄主配方）、丁酸丁酯、1-戊烯-3-醇、R-柠檬烯、S-柠檬烯、3-蒈烯、异戊醇、4-甲基-1-戊醇、E（寄主配方）、F（寄主配方）；行为测定结果中，相对选择率在30%以上的组分是：J（非寄主配方）、F（寄主配方）、A（寄主配方）、反式-2-己烯-1-醇、反-2-己烯醛、R-柠檬烯、D（寄主配方）、N（非寄主配方）、E（寄主配方）、B（寄主配方），其它组分1-戊烯-3-醇、异戊醇、4-甲基-1-戊醇、K（非寄主配方）、亚油酸甲酯、3-蒈烯、M（非寄主配方）、丁酸丁酯、S-柠檬烯则次之。因此引诱性好的组分依次为：N（非寄主配方）、A（寄主配方）、D（寄主配方）、J（非寄主配方）、F（寄主配方）、反式-2-己烯-1-醇、反-2-己烯醛、R-柠檬烯。【结论】 （1）寄主植物挥发物引诱活性不都是绝对地高于非寄主植物挥发物；（2）含有某种化合物成分的组合配方的引诱活性有时低于单一组分；（3）总体来看组合配方引诱活性高于单一组分。本研究为槐绿虎天牛植物源引诱剂的研发提供了重要的理论依据。
英文摘要： [Objectives] To study the effects of six volatiles from the host-plant Vitis vinifera, and five from the non-host plant Prunus armeniaca, on EAG and behavior of adult Chlorophorus diadema (Motschulsky). [Methods] The electroantennogram and behavioral responses of C. diadema adults to 11 single components and 19 blends of these were tested using an EAG meter and a Y-tube olfactometer. [Results] 10 single components and 12 blends induced obvious EAG and behavioral responses. The relative levels of EAG response to different compounds were, in decreasing order; N (non-host formula), M (host formula), B (host formula), O (host formula), trans-2-hexen-1-ol, K(host formula), trans-2-hexena, methyl linoleate, A (host formula), D (host formula), J (non-host formula), Butyl butyrate, 1-Penten-3-ol, (R)-(+)-limonene, (S)-(-)-limonene, 3-carene, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, E (host formula) and F (host formula). In behavioral tests, the relative attractiveness of components with more than 30% relative attractiveness were, in decreasing order; J(host formula), F (host formula), A (host formula), trans-2-hexen-1-ol, trans-2-hexenal, (R)-(+)-limonene, D (host formula), N (non-host formula), E (host formula) and B (host formula). Others compounds, including 1-penten-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, K (host formula), methyl linoleate, 3-carene, M (host formula), butyl butyrate, (S)-(-)-limonene, and C (host formula), were less attractive than those previously mentioned. Therefore, the 8 most attractive components to C. diadema were N (host formula), A (host formula), D (host formula), J (host formula), F (host formula), trans-2-hexenal, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, and (R)-(+)-limonene. [Conclusion] We conclude that (1) The attractiveness of host plant volatiles is not absolutely higher than that of non-host plant volatiles; (2) The EAG response to a particular compound was sometimes less than the relative attractiveness of that component in Y-tube olfactometer tests; (3) Overall, blends of different volatiles were more attractive than that of single compounds in Y-tube olfactometer tests. These results provide a theoretical bacground for the development of attractants for C. diadema.