茄二十八星瓢虫为害对不同基因型番茄叶内三种抗性酶活性的影响
Effects of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabricius infestation on resistant enzyme activity in the leaves of tomato genotypes with different JA pathways
王国红1** 曹 彬1 黄长礼1 戈 峰2
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2015.148
作者单位：1. 福建师范大学生命科学学院，福州 350108；2. 中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101
中文关键词：茄二十八星瓢虫，突变体番茄，防御酶活性，基因表达
英文关键词：Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabricius, mutant tomato, resistant enzyme activity, gene expression
中文摘要：
【目的】 研究茉莉酸合成相关基因在番茄抗茄二十八星瓢虫Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabricius中的作用，探讨茉莉酸信号因子在植物防御过程中起到的作用。【方法】 利用3种基因型番茄茉莉酸合成缺失突变体spr2、茉莉酸合成过量表达体35s、野生型番茄Wt为材料，通过经2龄茄二十八星瓢虫分别取食6、24、48 h后，利用分光光度计测定3种基因型番茄叶片内苯丙氨酸解氨酶（Phenylalanineammonialyase, PAL）、胰蛋白酶抑制剂（Protease inhibitors, PI）和脂氧合酶（Lipoxygenase, LOX）酶活性的动态变化。【结果】 35s型番茄叶片内PI活性显著高于另两种番茄叶片，而spr2型番茄叶片PI活性最低。瓢虫为害后，3种基因型番茄PI酶活性明显提高，在35s和Wt型番茄中，PI和LOX酶活性在胁迫24 h和6 h达到最高值，而spr2型番茄没有显著变化。受到瓢虫侵染的系统叶中，PI和LOX酶活性也受到了诱导，系统叶变化趋势同危害叶相同，但诱导的PI和LOX酶活性明显低于危害叶。在危害处理过程中，均呈现上升-下降的趋势，在系统叶中，则PAL活性没有显著变化。番茄叶片受害后，PI和 LOX酶活性上升辐度大于PAL，说明PI和LOX对取食胁迫响应比PAL更敏感。【结论】 35s茉莉酸合成过量表达体的番茄对茄二十八星瓢虫有一定的抗虫作用，因此，茉莉酸在植物抗性中起了一定作用。
英文摘要：[Objectives] We examined interactions between H. vigintioctopunctata and three isogenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) genotypes with different jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. [Methods] The tomato genotypes were; suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 (spr2) mutant plants, 35s prosystemin (35s) plants, and wild type (Wt) plants. Activity of protease inhibitors (PI) and lipoxygenase (LOX) and dynamic change in relative gene expression of the three kinds of enzymes were tested to study the defense signal pathway induced by H. vigintioctopunctata in tomatoes, and the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in the plant defense process. [Results] Major results were; activity and gene expression of PI and LOX in 35s type tomatoes were significantly higher than in the other two varieties whereas the spr2 type tomato had the lowest level of PI expression. Different periods of exposure to H. vigintioctopunctata showed that the highest PI and LOX activity occurred in 35s and wt type tomatoes 24 h and 6 h after infestation, respectively. There was no significant temporal change in enzyme activity in spr2 type tomatoes. There were no significant differences in PAL activity and relative gene expression in the three tomato varieties. In the process of feeding on plants by H. vigintioctopunctata, PAL activity initially increased then declined after 48 h. No significant changes in PAL activity and gene expression were observed in systemic leaves. PI and LOX were more sensitive to insect herbivory than PAL. [Conclution] 35s tomatoes are to a certain degree resistant to H. vigintioctopunctata and jasmonic acid (JA) plays a role in this resistance.