短时高温暴露处理对双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein生长发育的影响
Effects of brief exposure of Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein to high temperature
李永涛1, 2** 刘 敏1, 2 潘云飞1, 2 张燕南1, 2 张建萍1, 2***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2016.005
作者单位：1. 石河子大学农学院，石河子 832000；2. 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用自治区普通高校重点实验室，石河子 832003
中文关键词：双尾新小绥螨，高温暴露，生长发育
英文关键词：Neoseiulus bicaudus, high temperature exposure, development and reproduction
中文摘要：
【目的】 明确新疆本地种捕食螨双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein在遇到短时极端高温胁迫后，对其生长发育和种群发展的影响。【方法】 利用短时极端高温处理试验，研究双尾新小绥螨卵和成螨分别在38℃、42℃和46℃下，处理2、4和6 h后的孵化率、存活率以及对其未成熟阶段发育历期和生命参数的影响。【结果】 卵经过不同时间高温处理后，随着处理温度的升高，处理时间的延长，卵的孵化率逐渐降低，46℃处理2 h的孵化率仅为42.02%，且在46℃处理超过4 h，其卵不能孵化；其各未成熟阶段发育历期有先缩短后延长的趋势，当在38℃处理2 h时，其发育历期最短为4.82 d。雌成螨经过不同时间高温处理后，雌成螨的产卵量、产卵期和寿命随着处理温度的升高、处理时间的延长有逐渐下降和缩短的趋势；42℃，2 h处理下每雌产卵量最低为19.33粒，其产卵期也是最短为10.09 d；38℃，6 h处理下寿命最短为14.68 d。【结论】 短时极端高温处理主要影响双尾新小绥螨卵的孵化率、存活率。
英文摘要： [Objectives] The effect of brief exposure to high temperature on the development and population dynamics of Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein was studied. [Methods] The hatching rate, egg survival rate and life history parameters of adults were investigated after eggs and adults were exposed to temperatures of 38℃, 42℃ and 46℃ , for 2, 4 and 6 h, respectively. [Results] Hatching rates decreased at higher temperatures and with increased duration of exposure to higher temperatures. The lowest hatching rate was observed when eggs were exposed to 46℃ for 2 h. No eggs kept at 46℃ for 4 h or 6 h, hatched. Female developmental duration increased significantly with temperature from 38℃ to 46℃. Female fecundity declined, and oviposition period and longevity shortened, following exposure to higher temperatures and with increased duration of exposure to these. The lowest fecundity and shortest oviposition period were observed in females kept at 42℃ for 2 h. Females exposed to 38℃ for 6 h had the shortest lifespan, which was 14.68 d. [Conclusion] Brief exposure to high temperature has a significant effect on the hatching rate, survivorship, development, fecundity, and longevity, of female N. bicaudus.