【目的】 为了解小麦品种抗性对麦红吸浆虫Sitodiplosis mosellana（Géhin）幼虫在麦穗上空间分布型的影响，为科学调查提供合理的抽样依据。【方法】 2015年5月采用剥穗调查法对陕西省周至县试验田种植的4个抗虫和4个感虫小麦品种麦红吸浆虫幼虫危害进行调查，应用6种聚集度指标和Iwao M^* - m回归法综合分析了幼虫在抗性不同小麦品种上的的空间分布结构。【结果】 幼虫在抗、感小麦品种整穗及麦穗上、中、下部位上空间分布型一致，均呈聚集分布，但在抗虫品种上聚集强度大于感虫品种；抗、感小麦品种上分布的基本成分均为个体群，个体间相互吸引。聚集均数λ分析表明，幼虫在抗性较强品种上的聚集主要由小麦穗部化学物质和形态结构等环境因素引起，感虫品种上则由环境因素和成虫的产卵习性共同作用所致。幼虫在抗、感小麦品种上的发生趋势一致，均是上部发生最重，中部次之，下部最轻。根据Iwao回归法中的分布型参数，确立了幼虫在不同虫口密度和允许误差条件下的理论抽样数。【结论】 麦红吸浆虫幼虫在抗性不同小麦品种上均呈聚集分布，调查时应根据当地栽培品种平均虫口密度选择适宜的抽样数量。

[Objectives]  To determine the effect of wheat variety on the spatial distribution pattern of larvae of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in wheat ears, so as to provide scientific guidance for field sampling. [Methods]  The number of S. mosellana larvae in wheat kernels of four resistant, and four susceptible, wheat varieties planted in experimental fields in Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi province, were investigated by dissecting wheat ears in May 2015. Six aggregation indices, and Iwao’s regression models, were applied to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of larvae. [Results]  S. mosellana larvae had a clumped distribution both within the entire ear of each of the eight wheat varieties, and in the top, middle and bottom, sections of wheat ears. The degree of clumping was greater in resistant, than in susceptible, wheat varieties. The basic unit of distribution was individual groups in both resistant and susceptible varieties suggesting that there was mutual attraction between individual larvae. The mean λ value indicated that clumping in varieties with higher resistance was mainly caused by environmental factors, including chemical substances and the physical structure of wheat ears, whereas that in susceptible varieties might be due to a combination of the oviposition habits of adults and environmental heterogeneity. The distribution of larvae in different parts of wheat ears was similar in all varieties. The highest number of larvae were found in the top of wheat ears, followed by the mid-section, with the least number of larvae in the bottom part. The theoretical sampling number within allowable error was determined according to Iwao’s regression formula. [Conclusion]  S. mosellana larvae had a clumped distribution in the ears of eight wheat cultivars with different levels of resistance. Feasible sampling numbers should be confirmed by field studies based on the average larval density in local cultivars.