三种斑野螟全线粒体基因组及螟蛾总科系统发育分析
Complete mitochondrial genomes of three Spilomelinae species and a preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the Pyraloidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
陈 汕** 李粉红 兰旭娥 尤 平***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2017.003
作者单位：陕西师范大学生命科学学院，西安 710062
中文关键词：桃多斑野螟，白蜡绢须野螟，豹纹卷野螟，螟蛾总科，线粒体基因组
英文关键词：Conogethes punctiferalis, Palpita nigropunctalis, Pycnarmon pantherata, Pyraloidea, mitochondrial genome
中文摘要：
【目的】 草螟科昆虫大多是重要的农林害虫，深入研究草螟科昆虫的系统进化关系，对这类农林害虫的防治以及了解其生物多样性有重要意义。【方法】 本文通过PCR结合引物步移法测定了桃多斑野螟Conogethes punctiferalis、白蜡绢须野螟Palpita nigropunctalis和豹纹卷野螟Pycnarmon pantherata的全线粒体基因组序列并对其进行了初步的分析。【结果】桃多斑野螟、白蜡绢须野螟、豹纹卷野螟线粒体基因组全长分别是15 325、15 226、15 545 bp，由13个蛋白质编码基因（PCGs），22个转运RNA基因（tRNA），2个核糖体RNA基因（rRNA）和1个长度可变的控制区构成。13个蛋白编码基因除COⅠ以CGA作为起始密码子外，其余均以ATN作为起始密码子。对于终止密码子的使用，除COⅠ、COⅡ、ND5存在不完全终止密码子TA或T外，其它都为完全终止密码子TAA。豹纹卷野螟是已测螟蛾总科线粒体基因组序列最大的一个物种，其线粒体基因组序列长度差异主要存在于控制区。【结论】 3种斑野螟全线粒体基因组中基因的相对位置和排序、碱基组成和密码子使用、tRNA二级结构、以及非编码区序列结构等都符合螟蛾总科昆虫的线粒体基因组特点。基于13个蛋白质编码基因采用最大似然法和贝叶斯法对螟蛾总科8个亚科进行初步的系统进化分析，两种结果均符合以往形态学和分子数据的研究结果。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The Crambidae include economically significant, agricultural and forestry pest insects. A better understanding of the phylogeny and evolution of the Pyraloidea is important for improving both knowledge of this lineage and the ability to develop more effective means of controlling pest species. [Methods] Complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of three Spilomelinae species; Conogethes punctiferalis, Palpita nigropunctalis and Pycnarmon pantherata, were sequenced and primarily analyzed by PCR with primer walking. [Results] The mitogenome sequences of C. punctiferalis, P. nigropunctalis and P. pantherata were 15 325 bp, 15 226 bp and 15 545 bp in length, respectively, and included 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and a variable control region. All protein-coding genes began with the typical ATN codon except for COⅠ which began with CGA. All the PCGs had the stop codon TAA but COⅠ, COⅡ and ND5 had the incomplete termination codons TA or T. Compared with published Pyraloidea mitogenomes, the complete mitochondrial genome of P. pantherata is the largest due to the variable length of the control region. [Conclusion] The general features of the mitogenome of three Spilomelinae species, including gene arrangement, base composition, codon usage, secondary structures of 22 tRNAs, and sequence and structure of control region, are similar to those of other sequenced Pyraloidea mitogenomes. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) phylogenetic analyses of variation in 13 PCGs in eight Pyraloidea subfamilies shows that the results of this study accord with previous morphological and molecular taxonomies of this group.