补充营养及产卵底物颜色对粘虫生殖的影响
Effects of supplementary nutrients and the background color of oviposition sites on the reproduction of Mythimna separata (Walker)
赵玉婉** 成卫宁 仵均祥***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2017.074
作者单位：旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，西北农林科技大学植物保护学院，杨凌 712100
中文关键词：补充营养，颜色，选择，粘虫，生殖
英文关键词： supplementary nutrient, color, selection, Mythimna separata, reproduction
中文摘要：
【目的】 进一步探明补充营养和产卵底物颜色对粘虫Mythimna separata（Walker）的影响，为粘虫的室内饲养条件提供参考。【方法】 选取5%蜂蜜水、10%蜂蜜水、10%葡萄糖溶液、0.2 mol·L-1麦芽糖溶液、5%葡萄糖+5%蜂蜜混合液、5%果糖+5%蜂蜜混合液、5%葡萄糖+5%果糖混合液、糖醋酒液（3白糖︰1白醋︰4白酒︰2水）8种补充营养，红、黄、绿、蓝、紫、白6种颜色塑料包扎绳作为产卵底物，研究粘虫蛾取食不同补充营养产卵前期、产卵期、寿命及在不同产卵底物上的产卵量。【结果】 取食5%葡萄糖+5%果糖混合液和0.2 mol×L﹣1麦芽糖溶液的雌蛾单雌产卵量最多，取食糖醋酒液的雌蛾单雌产卵量最少，极显著低于前者，取食其余5种补充营养的雌蛾单雌产卵量无显著差异；成虫对蓝色底物的选择性最大，除5%蜂蜜水和10%葡萄糖溶液处理外，其余处理蓝色包扎绳上的平均产卵量显著比其他5种颜色包扎绳上的高，对红、白2种颜色底物的选择性最小，对黄、绿、紫3种颜色底物的选择性介于上述两者之间。【结论】 在粘虫室内饲养中，选用5%葡萄糖+5%果糖混合液和0.2 mol×L﹣1麦芽糖溶液作为补充营养及蓝色物质作为产卵底物，更有利于粘虫的繁殖和种群增长。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To explore the effect of supplementary nutrients, and the background color of oviposition sites, on the reproduction of adult Mythimna separata (Walker) in order to provide a guide for rearing this species in the laboratory. [Methods] Eight kinds of supplementary nutrients were chosen; 5% honey solution, 10% honey solution, 10% glucose solution, 0.2 mol×L﹣1 maltose solution, 5% glucose+5% honey mixture, 5% fructose+5% honey mixture, 5% glucose+5% fructose mixture, and a mixture of sugar-acetic acid-ethanol (3 parts white sugar, 1 part white vinegar, 4 parts white wine and 2 parts water). Six colored, plastic ropes; red, yellow, green, blue, purple and white, were selected to test the color preferences of females during oviposition. The study included the pre-oviposition and oviposition periods, and measured adult longevity and fecundity under the different treatments. [Results] Adults fed on the 5% glucose + 5% fructose mixed solution and the 0.2 mol×L﹣1 maltose solution, had the highest fecundity, whereas that of those fed on sweet and sour wine was significantly lower than all other treatments. No significant differences was found among the other five supplementary nutrient treatments. Of the six different colors tested, adults preferred blue, and the fecundity of adults was significant higher on blue than on other colors. Fecundity was lowest on red and white and intermediate on yellow, green and purple. [Conclusion] A solution of 5% glucose +5% fructose, or 0.2 mol×L﹣1 maltose, and a blue background, are the optimal nutrient and color conditions for the reproduction and growth of M. separata under laboratory conditions.