棉田牧草盲蝽三种种群密度 调查方法的比较分析
Comparison of three sampling techniques for estimating the population density of Lygus pratensis in cotton fields
张仁福1** 王 伟1 刘海洋1 古丽加马丽·吐尔汗2 姚 举1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2018.042
作者单位：1. 农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所， 农业部库尔勒作物有害生物科学观测实验站，乌鲁木齐 830091；2. 莎车县农业局蜂业发展中心，莎车 844700
中文关键词：牧草盲蝽，棉花，调查方法，种群动态，种群密度
英文关键词： Lygus pratensis, sampling methods, population dynamics, population density, cotton
中文摘要：
【目的】 寻求科学、准确、有效的棉田牧草盲蝽Lygus pratensis（Linnaeus）发生规律和种群密度的调查方法，为棉田牧草盲蝽的预测预报、防治提供理论依据和指导。【方法】 采用整体目测法、局部目测法、扫网法3种方法调查了棉田牧草盲蝽的种群数量并进行比较分析。【结果】 （1）对牧草盲蝽种群动态，扫网法相较于整体目测法和局部目测法成虫有两个发生高峰期且发生初期提前1周；整体目测法和局部目测法较扫网法若虫初发期和高峰期均提前1周左右，局部目测法和整体目测法若虫发生趋势基本一致。（2）不同调查方法牧草盲蝽种群密度存在显著性差异，整体目测法获得的若虫及成虫和若虫种群密度均显著高于扫网法和局部目测法；2015年扫网法和整体目测法间的成虫种群密度差异不显著，均显著高于局部目测法，2016年扫网法成虫种群密度显著高于整体目测法。【结论】 扫网法能够准确反应牧草盲蝽成虫的发生情况，整体目测法则适合若虫的种群调查，建议实际调查中使用整体目测和扫网相结合的方法，能为该虫预测预报和防治提供准确的依据和指导。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To identify scientific, accurate, and effective, sampling methods for estimating the population density of Lygus pratensis in cotton fields, and provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the prevention and control of L. pratensis in Xinjiang. [Methods] Three sampling methods were used to estimate the population density of L. pratensis in cotton fields during 2015-2016 and the results compared. [Results] (1) The sweep method detected peak periods of adult abundance one week earlier than the overall visual and partial visual methods. However, the overall visual method detected the occurrence and peak abundance of nymphs one week earlier than the sweep method. The trend in nymph abundance was consistent between the overall visual and partial visual methods. (2) There were significant differences between the different methods used to assess population density. The population density of nymphs and adults estimated by the overall visual method was significantly higher than that obtained by the sweep and partial visual methods. The population density of adults estimated by the sweep method was higher than that obtained using the overall visual method. [Conclusion] The sweep method can accurately reflect the occurrence of adults but the overall visual method is more suitable for nymphs. Practical applications using a combination of the overall visual and sweep methods can aid the accurate forecasting and control of L. pratensis.