小菜蛾对苏云金芽胞杆菌（Bt）的 抗性研究进展
Advances in research on the resistance of Plutella xylostella to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
尤士骏1, 2** 刘昭霞1, 2 熊 磊1, 2 廖金英1, 2 何玮毅1, 2 尤民
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2018.116
作者单位：1. 福建农林大学闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室，福州 350002；2. 福建农林大学应用生态研究所，福州 350002
中文关键词：小菜蛾，Bt毒素，抗药性，抗性机理，抗药性治理
英文关键词： Sogatella furcifera, migration dynamics, mesoscale source areas, trajectory analysis
中文摘要：
小菜蛾 Plutella xylostella（L.）是为害十字花科蔬菜的一种重要的世界性害虫，由于其分布范围广、繁殖速度快、抗性水平高，已经成为最难防治的害虫之一。基于苏云金芽胞杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis（Bt）开发的杀虫剂在小菜蛾生物防治中发挥重要的作用，但小菜蛾作为在田间最早对Bt产生抗性的害虫，其抗性发展及抗性机理也引起了全世界的广泛关注。本文概述了小菜蛾的发生危害及其抗药性的研究动态、苏云金芽胞杆菌的起源、发展及应用，分析了小菜蛾对Bt杀虫毒素产生抗药性及其抗性机理，并从抗性发展风险、转基因油菜种植和进一步深入开展抗性机理的研究三个方面进行了展望，以期为优化小菜蛾抗药性的治理策略、提高生物农药和Bt作物的控害效能提供借鉴和参考。
英文摘要：
Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella
xylostella, is a worldwide devastating pest of Brassicaceae, and is well
known as one of the most difficult pests to control, because of its wide
distribution, rapid reproduction, and high resistance to agrochemicals. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based
insecticides plays a key role of great importance in bio-control of DBM. DBM is
the first pest species that evolves resistance to Bt Cry toxins in outdoor
fields, and its resistance development and associated underlying mechanisms
have received global attention. This paper first summarizes the global
infestation of DBM and previous studies on its insecticide resistance, and
elaborates the Bt story of discovery, development and application, and then
further analyzes the DBM resistance to Bt toxins and resistance mechanisms. In
addition, prospects on risks of resistance development, cultivation of
transgenic oilseed crops, as well as further investigation on resistance
mechanisms are discussed in some detail, with the hope to provide strategies
for development of optimal resistance management and sustainable utility of
Bt-based insecticides and Bt-transgenic crops.