粘虫胶、食物诱芯和悬挂位置对诱杀球诱杀柑橘大实蝇的影响
The effects of different sticky glues, food lures and hanging positions, on the effectiveness of sticky spheres for trapping adult Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein)
龚碧涯； 刘 慧；肖伏莲； 向 敏；刘 娟；杨水芝；李先信
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.098
作者单位：湖南省园艺研究所，长沙 410125；吉首市农业局，吉首 416000；石门县人民政府宝峰街道办事处，石门 415300
中文关键词：柑橘大实蝇；诱杀球；粘虫胶；诱芯；悬挂位置
英文关键词：Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein); sticky sphere; sticky glue; lure; hanging position
中文摘要：【目的】 利用诱杀球诱杀成虫是有效防控柑橘大实蝇Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein)的重要手段之一。本文明确了不同类型粘虫胶、是否添加食物诱芯、不同悬挂位置对诱杀球诱杀柑橘大实蝇成虫数量的影响，为高效利用诱杀球诱杀柑橘大实蝇提供了科学依据。【方法】 诱杀球选用直径7 cm的绿色诱杀球、黄色诱杀球和直径14 cm的黄绿色诱杀球，共3种规格，首先比较诱杀球涂抹热熔压敏胶和液态粘虫胶的诱杀效果，然后比较诱杀球上方有无食物诱芯的诱杀效果，最后比较5个悬挂方位和2个不同悬挂高度的诱杀效果。【结果】 第一，3种规格诱杀球涂抹热熔压敏胶均比涂抹液态粘虫胶诱杀柑橘大实蝇的数量多，其中黄色诱杀球和绿色诱杀球达到显著差异（P<0.05）；第二，诱杀球上方添加食物诱芯降低了绿色诱杀球诱杀柑橘大实蝇的数量及其所占诱虫总数的比例，但增加了绿色诱杀球上非靶标昆虫的数量；第三，诱杀球悬挂橘树北面诱杀柑橘大实蝇的数量略高于其他方位（P>0.05），且悬挂于树冠3/4处比1/4处诱杀柑橘大实蝇的数量显著增加（P<0.05）。【结论】 制作柑橘大实蝇诱杀球要选用热熔压敏胶，绿色诱杀球不宜与食物诱芯联合使用，诱杀球悬挂于橘树北面和树冠3/4处诱杀效果最佳。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To determine the effects of different types of sticky glues, food lures and hanging positions of sticky spheres on the capture rate of adult Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax (Enderlein). [Methods] The capture rates of three kinds of sticky spheres; green, 7 cm in diameter, yellow, 7 cm in diameter and yellow-green, 14 cm in diameter, were compared. We also compared the number of B. minax adults trapped by using either hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesives (HMPSAs) or liquid sticky glues, and with or without using food lures. Furthermore, we also investigated the effects of five different hanging orientations and two heights. [Results] More B. minax adults were trapped using HMPSAs than liquid sticky glues, and there was also a significant difference in the number trapped by green vs yellow sticky spheres (P<0.05). The number of B. minax adults trapped by green sticky spheres was decreased by food lures, as well as the percentage of B. minax adults relative to all insects trapped, but the number of non-target insects trapped by green sticky spheres was increased by using food lures. More B. minax adults were trapped by sticky spheres on the north side of orange trees than those oriented to the other points of the compass (P>0.05). Finally, significantly more B. minax adults were trapped by sticky spheres suspended at 3/4 of height of the crowns of trees than those hung at 1/4 height (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Sticky spheres to trap B. minax should be treated with HMPSAs. Green sticky spheres should not be used in combination with food lures. Best results are achieved by hanging sticky spheres on the north side of orange trees at 3/4 of height of the crown.