尼氏真绥螨对三种橡胶叶螨的控害效能评价
Evaluation of Euseius nicholsi as a biological control for three species of spider mites in rubber plantations
贾静静；符悦冠；张方平；周世豪；聂 跃；陈俊谕
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.083
作者单位：中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，海口 571101；海南大学林学院，海口 570228；农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，海口 571101
中文关键词：尼氏真绥螨；六点始叶螨；东方真叶螨；比哈小爪螨；功能反应
英文关键词：Euseius nicholsi; Eotetranychus sexmaculatus; Eutetranychus orientalis; Oligonychus biharen; functional respons
中文摘要：【目的】 明确尼氏真绥螨Euseius nicholsi对3种橡胶叶螨的捕食选择性和控害潜能。【方法】在室内温度（27±1）℃、RH（75±5）%、光周期12L︰12D条件下，研究了尼氏真绥螨对六点始叶螨Eotetranychus sexmaculatus（Riley）、东方真叶螨Eutetranychus orientalis（Klein）和比哈小爪螨Oligonychus biharen （Hirst）不同螨态的捕食选择性和捕食作用。【结果】 尼氏真绥螨对六点始叶螨不同螨态均表现为嗜食性而不取食比哈小爪螨卵。尼氏真绥螨对3种叶螨不同螨态的功能反应均能较好的拟合Holling-Ⅱ型圆盘方程，其对六点始叶螨不同螨态的捕食效能（a/Th）最高，对雌成螨、若螨、幼螨以及卵的捕食效能分别为49.79头、106.83头、157.25头和38.44粒，其次为东方真叶螨，最后为比哈小爪螨。在不同温度条件下，尼氏真绥螨对六点始叶螨若螨的捕食效能（a/Th）在30 ℃时最强，而对东方真叶螨和比哈小爪螨若螨的捕食效能（a/Th）均在33 ℃时最强。【结论】 尼氏真绥螨对3种橡胶害螨均具有较好的控害潜能，其中对六点始叶螨的控害效果最佳，可以考虑作为橡胶害螨的优势天敌资源加以利用。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To determine the prey preferences and potential of Euseius nicholsi as a biological control for three species of spider mites in rubber plantations. [Methods] The prey preferences and functional response of E. nicholsi to Eotetranvchus sexmaculatus, Eutetranychus orientalis and Oligonychus biharen were studied at (27±1) ℃, RH 75%±5% and a 12L︰12D photoperiod. [Results] E. nicholsi preyed on different life-stages of E. sexmaculatus but did not prey on the eggs of O. biharen. The functional response of E. nicholsi to different life-stages of E.sexmaculatus. E orientalis and O. biharen matched the Holling-II equation. The predation capability (a/Th) of E. nicholsi on the adult females, nymphs, larvae and eggs of E. sexmaculatus was the strongest with values of 49.79, 106.83, 157.52 and 38.44, respectively. The next preferred prey was E. orientalis and the least preferred was O. biharen. The predation capability (a/Th)) of E. nicholsi on E. sexmaculatus nymphs was strongest at 30 ℃, but for the nymphs of E. orientalis and O. biharen this was strongest at 33 ℃. [Conclusion] E. nicholsi is a potential biological control for the spider mites E. sexmaculatus. E orientalis and O. biharen in rubber plantations. Of these three species, E orientalis should be most effective at controlling E. sexmaculatus and should be considered a useful natural predator for the control of this pest.