海拔和冰核细菌对茴香薄翅野螟 过冷却点的影响
Effects of altitude and ice nucleating active bacteria on the super-cooling point of Evergestis extimalis Scopli (Lepidoptera: Pyralidida)
来有鹏；李秋荣；张 贵
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2019.147
作者单位：省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室，青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室，青海省农林科学院，西宁 810016；College of Bee Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China；College of Bee Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
中文关键词：海拔；冰核细菌；茴香薄翅野螟；过冷却点
英文关键词：altitude; ice nucleating bacteria; Evergestis extimalis Scopli; super-cooling point
中文摘要：
【目的】 为了明确高原环境条件下海拔和冰核细菌对茴香薄翅野螟Evergestis extimalis Scopli耐寒性的影响。【方法】 采用模拟大田法，研究了茴香薄翅野螟过冷点和冰点的变化动态。【结果】 2014年2月乐都（LD，海拔：1 900 m）、西宁（XN，海拔：2 300 m）和湟源（HY，海拔：3 010 m）茴香薄翅野螟的过冷却点分别为－12.30、－13.39和－14.56 ℃，且过冷却点和冰点的变化与当地气温的变化一致。经冰核细菌处理后能提高茴香薄翅野螟的过冷却点。2014年2月，冰核细菌1-1（丁香假单胞菌，Pseudomonas syringae）、冰核细菌2-1（丁香假单胞菌，Pseudomonas syringae）、冰核细菌3-1（欧文氏菌，Erwinia pyrifoliae）和对照处理后的过冷却点分别为－10.72、－13.73、－14.04和－14.39 ℃。经冰核细菌1-1、冰核细菌2-1、冰核细菌3-1和对照处理后，茴香薄翅野螟越冬幼虫死亡率分别为29.09%、36.17%、33.16%和27.44%。【结论】 随着海拔的增加，茴香薄翅野螟的过冷却点不断降低；经冰核细菌处理后，茴香薄翅野螟的过冷却点显著降低，且能提高茴香薄翅野螟越冬幼虫的死亡率。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To understand how cold tolerance is influenced by altitude and ice nucleating active bacteria (INA) in high altitude environments. 【Methods】 Field conditions were simulated in a laboratory to study the effects of varying the super-cooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) of Evergestis extimalis.【Results】 Super cooling point declined gradually with altitude. For example, the SCP of E. extimalis from Le Du (1 900 m ASL), Xing Ning (2 300 m ASL) and Huang Yuang (3 010 m ASL) were ﹣12.30,﹣13.39 and﹣14.56 ℃, respectively. Variation of SCP and freezing point were correlated with local temperature. The SCP of E. extimalis increased after INA treatment. E. extimalis in the following treatment groups; INA1-1 (Pseudomonas syringae), INA2-1 (P. syringae), INA3-1 (Erwinia pyrifoliae) and the control, had SCPs of -10.72, -13.73, -14.04 and -14.39 ℃, respectively in Feb. 2014. Mortality in the INA1-1, INA2-1, INA3-1 treatment groups and the control were 29.09%、36.17%、33.16% and 27.44%, respectively on Nov. 2013.【Conclusion】 The SCP of E. extimalis decreased with increasing altitude. INA treatment dramatically reduced mortality and increased the SCP of E. extimalis.