蜂场胡蜂诱捕方法的比较研究
Comparison of different wasp trapping methods in apiaries
彭成涛；郭冬生；陈 兵；颜伟玉
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.117
作者单位：江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所，南昌 330045；江西宜春学院，宜春 336000
中文关键词：蜂场；胡蜂；诱捕器；引诱剂
英文关键词：apiary; wasp; trap; attractant
中文摘要：
【目的】 比较研究不同的胡蜂诱捕器和引诱剂对胡蜂的诱捕效果。【方法】 本研究采用5种诱捕器（编号为1-5号）和5种引诱剂（糖水、醋+蜜、啤酒+糖、猪肉和鱼肉）进行胡蜂诱捕试验。试验设置7:00-8:00、10:00-11:00和16:00-17:00 3个时间段，在5种诱捕器内使用糖水作为引诱剂诱捕1 h，确定效果最佳的诱捕器和最佳的诱捕时间段。在最佳诱捕时间，选择最佳的诱捕器，分别放入糖水、醋+蜜、啤酒+糖、猪肉和鱼肉5种引诱剂，并比较其对胡蜂的诱捕效果。【结果】 使用糖水作为引诱剂时，2号诱捕器对胡蜂的诱捕效果最好，7:00-8:00诱捕的胡蜂数最多；糖水引诱剂诱捕胡蜂数量显著高于醋+蜜、啤酒+糖、猪肉和鱼肉4种引诱剂的（P < 0.05）。【结论】 在早晨7:00-8:00时段，2号诱捕器中添加糖水的诱捕胡蜂效果最好，可在养蜂生产中应用。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To determine the effectiveness of different
wasp traps and attractants for use in apiaries. [Methods] Five types of traps (numbered 1-5) and
five attractants (sugar water, vinegar mixed with honey, beer with added sugar,
pork, and fish) were used to trap wasps. The best trap type and trapping period
were identified by baiting all five trap types with sugar water and comparing
the number of wasps trapped by each trap type in three different periods,
7:00-8:00, 10:00-11:00 and 16:00-17:00. After the best trap and trapping period
had been identified, the best of the five attractants was determined by placing
these in five traps of each type and comparing the number of wasps captured by
each attractant. [Results] Most
wasps were caught in No. 2 traps from 7:00 to 8:00 and significantly more wasps
were trapped using sugar water than the other four attractants (P<0.05). [Conclusion] More wasps can be caught using No. 2 traps
baited with sugar water between 7:00 and 8:00 AM.