两种捕食螨对苹果园叶螨的控制效果
Control of leaf mites by two predatory mites in apple orchards
唐文颖；曲诚怀；杨勤民；肖云丽
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2021.019
作者单位：1. 山东省植物保护总站，济南 250100；2. 山东牟平区植保站，烟台 264100
中文关键词：1. Plant Protection Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100, China; 2. Plant Protection Station of Muping District, Yantai 264100, China
英文关键词：apple leaf mite; biological control; Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor); Amblyseius orientalis (Ehara); predation effect
中文摘要：
【目的】 以螨治螨是害虫生物防治的一个重要部分，也是果园害虫生态控制的重要措施。通过在苹果园人为释放捕食螨的方法，定量分析加州新小绥螨Neoseiulus
californicus（McGregor）和东方钝绥螨Amblyseius orientalis（Ehara）对苹果园2种害螨（苹果全爪螨Panony chusulmi（Koch）和山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis Zacher）捕食效果，为开展果园害虫生态调控提供科学依据。【方法】 于2019年5-10月份在胶东半岛烟台市牟平区果园中释放加州新小绥螨和东方钝绥螨，比较分析释放捕食螨区域与对照苹果树上苹果全爪螨和山楂叶螨种群数量的变化。【结果】 2种捕食螨均能适应当地果园生态环境，释放后能够迅速发挥控害作用。其中，加州新小绥螨对叶螨的控制作用达到84.8%-100%，东方钝绥螨对叶螨的控制作用达到90%-100%，且东方钝绥螨的防治效果略优于加州新小绥螨。【结论】 加州新小绥螨和东方钝绥螨2种捕食螨在胶东半岛对苹果叶螨防控效果比较理想，均可作为苹果园叶螨生物防治的天敌。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] Using predatory mites to control
plant leaf mites is standard biological-control practice and also an important
method in pest ecosystem-control. We quantitatively analyzed the effect of 2 kinds of
predatory mites, Neoseiulus californicus（McGregor）and Amblyseius orientalis（Ehara）on the abundance of plant leaf mites,
including Panony chusulmi（Koch）and Tetranychus viennensis Zacher. [Methods] The two predatory mites were released on apple
trees from May to October 2019. [Results] Both species of predatory mites adapted to the
ecological environment of the orchard and easily controlled leaf mites; the control efficiency of N. californicus（McGregor）was 84.8%-100% and that of A.
orientalis（Ehara）was 90%-100%. [Conclusion] The 2 species
of predatory mites are ideal biological control agents for leaf mites in apple
orchards in Shandong province.