江西省柑橘木虱对五种常规药剂的抗药性
Resistance of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama to five conventional insecticides in Jiangxi province
胡妍月 孙 杨 邹志文 黄水金
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.045
作者单位：江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南昌 330200；南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 330031
中文关键词：柑橘木虱；杀虫剂；地理种群；抗性倍数；抗性治理
英文关键词：Diaphorina citri Kuwayama; insecticides; geographical populations; resistance ratios; resistance management
中文摘要：
【目的】 针对江西省柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri对常规杀虫剂抗药性水平的研究相对匮乏，研究不同地区柑橘木虱种群对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平，为生产实践合理化用药提供依据。【方法】 采用浸叶法测定毒死蜱、联苯菊酯、噻虫嗪、烯啶虫胺和虫螨腈5种杀虫剂对上高县（SG）、宜黄（YH）、南丰（NF）、宁都（ND）、大余（DY）和寻乌县（XW）6个不同地区的田间柑橘木虱的毒力，结合毒力参考基线，得到抗性倍数。【结果】 上高、宜黄和南丰县种群对毒死蜱的抗性倍数在中等水平（9.01-15.01），而宁都、大余和寻乌县则是高水平抗性（128.36-308.82）。大余种群对联苯菊酯的抗性水平为133.71倍，其他5个地区均在中等水平（17.08-88.53）。不同地区柑橘木虱种群对噻虫嗪的抗性倍数在13.62-25.92，仅为中等偏低水平；而它们对烯啶虫胺的抗性倍数为77.37-257.71，已经达到极高水平。与联苯菊酯类似，除了大余种群对虫螨腈为高水平抗性外，其余5个地区种群均为中等水平。【结论】 赣南脐橙产区的宁都县、大余县和寻乌县的柑橘木虱种群对5种常用杀虫剂均表现出高水平抗性，显著高于非赣南脐橙产区种群（上高县、宜黄县和南丰县）。推荐在高抗地区使用抗性水平较低的药剂，并注意轮换用药；在中等抗性地区应有限制地使用药剂，以延缓抗性增长。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The resistance of Diaphorina citri populations to common insecticides in various areas of Jiangxi province was studied in order to rationalize insecticide use in this region. [Methods] The leaf-dip method was used to measure the toxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Bifenthrin, Thiamethoxam, Nitenpyram and Chlorfenapy to D. citri in orchards in Shanggao (SG), Yihuang (YH), Nanfeng (NF), Ningdu (ND), Dayu (DY) and Xunwu (XW) counties, and resistance ratios were calculated according to cardinal reference toxicity values. [Results] Resistance ratios (RR) of D. citri populations in SG, YH and NF counties to the routine insecticides were medium (9.01-15.01), whereas those in ND, DY and XW were high (128.36-308.82). Resistance of the DY population to Bifenthrin was 133.71, whereas resistance to this pesticide in the other five counties was medium (17.08-88.53). The resistance ratios to Thiamethoxam ranged from 13.62 to 25.92, which is low to medium, whereas resistance ratios to Nitenpyram ranged from 77.37 to 257.71, which is high. Resistance ratios of D. citri populations in all counties to Chlorfenapy were similar to those found for Bifenthrin; medium, except for DY which was high. [Conclusion] The resistance ratios of D. citri populations in navel orange growing areas of southern Jiangxi province to all five common insecticides is high, much higher than those in other parts of Jiangxi province. This suggests that insecticides should be used in rotation in these areas, and in limited amounts, to slow down the development of resistance.