南方小花蝽对寄主植物的产卵选择性及其卵的保存条件
Oviposition on preference of Orius similis and preservation condition of eggs
张士昶 ； 周兴苗 ； 王小平； 雷朝亮**
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作者单位：华中农业大学昆虫资源研究所 武汉 430070
中文关键词： 南方小花蝽， 寄主植物， 产卵选择性， 卵， 保存
英文关键词：Orius similis, host plant, choice of oviposition, eggs, conservation
中文摘要：室内研究南方小花蝽Orius similis Zheng在9种产卵寄主植物（辣椒，豇豆，长寿花，迎春花，黄荆，绿豆芽，棉花，石莲花，太阳花）的嫩茎上的产卵量、孵化率及繁殖系数。结果表明，南方小花蝽对不同产卵植物具有显著的选择差异性。从产卵量看，对辣椒嫩枝选择性最强，其产卵量占总产卵量的23.4%；从孵化率看，产在迎春花嫩茎上的卵的孵化率最高；从繁殖系数看，辣椒嫩枝和迎春花嫩茎作为产卵植物的繁殖系数较高，分别为7.6和12.8；从辣椒嫩枝和迎春嫩茎上的繁殖系数的构成看，两者明显属于2种不同的类型，前者属于高着卵量、低存活率类型，后者属于低着卵量、高存活率类型。对南方小花蝽不同虫态进行了抗寒能力的测定，结果表明南方小花蝽卵的抗寒能力最强，成虫次之，1～2龄若虫最弱。在此基础上做了卵的低温保藏实验，结果表明要保证80%以上的孵化率，最佳保藏条件为8℃下保藏9天。
英文摘要：The amount of eggs, hatching rate and the propagation coefficient of the Orius similis Zheng (Hemiptera：Anthocoridae) on 9 host plants were tested in the laboratory. Host plants included Capsicum frutescens (L.), Vigna unguiculata(L.)Walp, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Jasminum nudirlorum, Vitex negundo(L.), Vigna radiata, Gossypium hirsutum(L.), Echeveria peacockii, and Portulaca grandiflora. The results showed that amount of eggs on C. frutescens was highest, accounting for 23.4% of all. The highest hatching rate was found on J. nudirlorum. The propagation coefficients of the insects on C. frutescens and J. nudirlorum were 7.6 and 12.8, respectively, higher than on the other hosts. C. frutescens had higher egg amount and lower viability, whereas J. nudirlorum had lower egg amount and higher viability. The cold tolerance of O. similis were also studied. It showed that eggs had the highest cold tolerance, lower in adults, and the lowest in 1st and 2nd instar nymph. The best preservation condition to keep 80% hatching rate of eggs was at 8℃ for 9 days.