胭脂虫的行为及生殖特性
The behavior and reproduction of Dactylopius coccus
张忠和1**；卢振龙2；秦志虹3
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作者单位：1中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 昆明 650224； 2 西南林学院资源学院 昆明 650224；3昆明市东川区林科所 昆明 654100
中文关键词：胭脂虫， 行为， 生殖， 怀卵量， 有效积温
英文关键词：Dactylopius coccus, behaviour, reproduction, breeding eggs, effective temperature
中文摘要：对胭脂虫Dactylopius coccus Costa在产卵、孵化、固定、泌蜡、蜕皮、结茧、羽化方面的行为特性进行观察，并就该虫在有性及无性生殖两方面进行研究。结果表明，有性生殖♀虫平均怀卵量为269粒/雌，平均产卵量232粒/雌，平均孵化率965%，雌雄成虫性比约为3∶1， ♂ 蛹羽化率可达94.7%，发育起点温度为5.77℃，世代有效积温为1 60060日·度。该胭脂虫不能以无性生殖方式进行繁殖，种群的延续需要以有性生殖方式进行。
英文摘要：The biology of Dactylopius coccus Costa on laying, hatching, fixing, wax excreting, moulting, cocooning and eclosion were observed, and gamogenesis and agamogenesis of the insect were studied. The results showed that the average breeding eggs of female adults were 269, average laying eggs were 232, average hatching rate was 96.5%, the ratio of female to male was 3∶1, the rate of pupae eclosion is 94.7%, threshold temperature was 5.77℃, and effective temperature was 1 600.60 degreeday. This cochineal species could not propagate by agamogenesis and the population propagation was depended on gamogenesis.