中国特有植物四合木的昆虫群落与多样性特征
Insect community and its diversity characteristics on Chinese endemic plant of Tetraena mongolica
赵伟，刘强
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作者单位：天津师范大学化学与生命科学学院天津300387
中文关键词：四合木， 昆虫群落， 多样性
英文关键词：Tetraena mongolica, insect community, diversity
中文摘要：
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对中国特有植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)植株上昆虫群落进行调查和多样性特征分析，共采得四合木上昆虫标本1 935号，隶属于8目42个科(或总科)136种。包括同翅目、膜翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、缨翅目、直翅目和脉翅目的种类。同翅目昆虫在数量上占有绝对的优势，达67.96%。膜翅目丰富度最高，有59种；优势类群(>10%)是叶蝉,常见类群(1%～10%)包括小蜂、粒脉蜡蝉、天牛、蚂蚁、皮蝽、蚜虫和盲蝽等。调查所得昆虫群落中植食性昆虫有59种共1 610只，丰富度和个体数量在群落中占有绝对的优势。其中尤以吸食类昆虫为最，其个体数量和优势度指数最大，但均匀度最低。寄生性天敌昆虫在群落中多样性最大，优势度最低，多为膜翅目种类。中性昆虫优势度指数较高。捕食性昆虫物种丰富度和个体数量较小，但多样性高，仅次于寄生性昆虫。
英文摘要： investigation was carried out on the insect community on Tetraena mongolica, and the diversity characteristics were analyzed. A total of 1 935 insect specimens were collected, belonging to 8 orders, 42 families (or superfamilies), and 136 species. They were species of Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera and Neuroptera. Insects of Homoptera had the highest individual number, which comprised 6796% of the total number. There were 59 species of Hymenoptera, highest in all orders. The dominant group（>10%）was Cicadellidae, and the common groups（1%~10%） were Chalcidoidea, Meenoplidae, Cerambycidae, Formicidae, Piesmatidae, Aphidoidea and Miridae. There were 1 610 specimens of herbivorous insect (belonging to 59 species), which had the highest species richness and individual number indexes in community structure, and among which the sucking groups had the highest individual number and dominance indexes, but the lowest evenness index. Parasitoids had the highest diversity and the lowest dominance indexes, among which most groups belonged to Hymenoptera. The dominance index of neutral insects was relatively higher. Predators had lower species richness and individual number indexes, but had a higher diversity index next to parasitoids