昆虫表皮蛋白及其基因表达调控机理的研究进展
Advance of researches on insect cuticular proteins and the regulation mechanism of their gene expression
刘清明**苑园园,林健荣,钟杨生***
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作者单位：华南农业大学 动物科学学院 蚕丝科学系广州510642
中文关键词：昆虫，表皮蛋白，分类，调控机理
英文关键词：insect, cuticular proteins, classification, regulated mechnism
中文摘要：
昆虫表皮蛋白（insect cuticular proteins, ICP）是结构蛋白，它和几丁质一起组成昆虫抵御外界环境的屏障——角质层。根据保守性基序的不同，ICP可分为CPR、CPF、CPFL、CPG和CPT 5家族。它们都有独特的结构与性质。环境、激素、转录因子和内含子等共同影响昆虫表皮蛋白基因（insect cuticular protein genes, ICPG）的表达，进而使ICPG具有时期和组织特异性。ICP和ICPG被认为是研究昆虫蜕皮与变态的调控机理和理解昆虫发育期角质层在生物化学、物理化学以及结构上的修饰的重要模型，受到越来越多的重视。本文综述了ICP的分类以及环境、激素、转录因子和内含子等对ICPG表达的调控。
英文摘要： Insect cuticular proteins (ICP) are structural proteins, which form the insect cuticle together with chitin and serve as a barrier to the external environment. According to the different motif, ICPs are divided into five families, i.e. CPR, CPT, CPG, CPF and CPFL, in which there are unique structure and distinguishing characteristics. Environment factors, hormones, transcription factors and introns may influence the expression of ICP genes (ICPG), and consequently result in the stage- and tissue-specific expression of ICPG. ICP and ICPG have been considered as excellent models for the studies on regulation of insect molting and metamorphosis, and for the understanding of the biochemical, physicochemical and structural modifications occurring in the cuticle during insect development, so that more and more attentions have been paid for. In this review, we described the recent progresses in the classification of ICP and the regulation mechanism under environment factors, hormones, transcription factors and introns during expression of ICPG.