大蜡螟饲料配方的优化
Optimization of artificial diets for Galleria mellonella
吴艳艳1,周婷1**,王强1,代平礼1,龚星鑫2,罗其花1,刘锋1,宋怀磊1
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DOI：
作者单位：1中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 北京 100093；2长江大学农学院 荆州 434023
中文关键词：饲养，奶粉，酵母粉，幼虫期，蛹期，产卵数
英文关键词：rearing, milk powder, yeast powder, larvae stage, pupal stage, laying eggs
中文摘要： 大蜡螟Galleria mellonella L. 广泛应用于昆虫生理生化、杀虫剂筛选和昆虫毒理学等多个领域，因此，选择物美价廉的饲料对其进行大规模饲养具有重要的现实意义。选取占饲料成本份额较高的奶粉和酵母粉作为研究对象，分5组配方进行大蜡螟的饲养实验。通过对每组各个历期和产卵数进行比较，获得了优化后的饲料配方：奶粉50 g、酵母粉20 g、面粉100 g、麦麸100 g、玉米粉100 g、蜂蜡50 g、蜂蜜50 g及甘油60 g；并首次比较了奶粉和酵母粉在大蜡螟发育过程中的作用，进而明确了酵母粉对大蜡螟幼虫期、蛹期的发育和繁殖能力具有重要的促进作用；而奶粉对幼虫期发育和繁殖能力具有促进作用，但作用小于酵母粉；同时两者与成虫的寿命无关。
英文摘要：
Galleria mellonella L. is widely used for insect physiology and biochemistry, insecticide screening, insect toxicology and so on, therefore good and cheap artificial diets are important for mass rearing of G.mellonella. As the main components, milk powder and yeast powder were studied. Five groups of artificial diets were used for rearing G. mellonella. Based on the comparison of different stages and laying eggs, the optimized diet was obtained, with milk powder 50 g, yeast powder 20 g, wheat flour 100 g, wheat bran 100 g, maize flour 100 g, wax 50 g, honey 50 g and glycerine 60 g. It was confirmed that yeast powder had important positive effect on larvae and pupae development and reproductive performance, and milk powder had the positive effect on larvae development and reproductive performance, but the effect was not as strong as yeast powder. Furthermore they had no effect on the longevity of adult moths.