生物因子对寄生蜂滞育的影响
Effect of biotic factors on diapause of parasitic wasps
李玉艳**,张礼生***,陈红印
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作者单位:中国农业科学院植物保护研究所农业部生物防治重点开放实验室 北京 100081
中文关键词:寄生蜂,滞育,生物因子,寄主,亲代
英文关键词:parasitic wasps, diapause, biotic factors, host, parents
中文摘要: 在影响寄生蜂滞育的生物因子中,寄主及亲代是主要影响因子。寄主可以从种类、类型、生理状态及丰富度等方面影响寄生蜂的滞育:寄生不同种类的寄主,寄生蜂的滞育反应、滞育进度、滞育比例以及光周期反应表现等均有不同;寄主类型的影响在蚜茧蜂类群中表现最为突出,不同寄主类型能对蚜茧蜂的滞育诱导产生不同影响;此外,寄主生理状态和寄主丰富度也是影响寄生蜂滞育的重要因子。亲代对寄生蜂滞育的影响则通过其所经历的环境条件以及自身因素等方面来表现:亲代经历的光周期和温度等能显著影响子代的滞育,甚至起完全决定作用;在亲代自身因素的影响中,亲代虫龄差异是主要因素。本文同时对寄生蜂滞育的研究及应用前景也一并作了展望。
英文摘要: Host and parental factors are important influences on diapause in parasitic wasps. Various aspects of hosts, such as species, morph, physiological states and abundance, can affect the diapause of the wasps that parasitize them. Host species influences many aspects of wasps’diapause, including its occurrence, duration, the proportion of individuals that enter diapause and photoperiodic response. The influence of host morphs on diapause are most prominent in aphid parasitoids. The physiological state of the host and host abundance are also important factors affecting diapause in parasitic wasps. In addition, the photoperiod and temperature experienced by wasps’parents significantly affect diapause in their offspring. Differences between parental instars are the main reason for variation in parental factors. Prospects for research on, and application of, diapause in parasitic wasps are discussed.