温度对东亚飞蝗取食影响及其食物利用效率研究
Effects on eating and food utilization efficiency of Locusta migratoria manilensis at different temperatures
涂雄兵**, 高 松,牙森·沙力,农向群,王广君,张泽华
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作者单位：中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 农业部生物防治重点开放实验室 北京 100081；农业部锡林浩特草原有害生物防治重点野外科学观测试验站 内蒙古锡林浩特 026000
中文关键词：东亚飞蝗，温度，取食量，近似消化力，食物利用率
英文关键词：Locusta migratoria manilensis, temperature, food consumption, approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food
中文摘要：
本文采用对比称重法研究温度对东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen)取食及食物利用率的影响。结果表明： 3~5龄蝗蝻在18、21、24、27、30℃ 5个温度梯度下发育历期为56.9、34.0、21.3、17.2、15.0 d，总取食量为0.85、0.88、0.82、0.99、0.99 g。在21、24、27、30℃ 4个温度梯度下，雄成虫寿命为90.3、62.8、47.0、38.7 d，总取食量为3.62、4.67、4.25、4.26 g；雌成虫寿命为95.8、63.0、46.3、40.8 d，总取食量为6.97、10.48、10.41、11.90 g。随温度升高3~5龄蝗蝻近似消化力减小，食物利用率增加；成虫期在18、30℃条件下近似消化力有显著差异（P<0.05），但不同温度下食物利用率差异不显著（P>0.05）。
英文摘要： The relationship between temperature and eating, and the efficiency of food conversion in Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen), was investigated using the contrast weighing method. The results show that the accumulated developmental duration was 56.9, 34.0, 21.3, 17.2, 15.0 d and total food consumption of 3rd to 5th instar nymphs was 0.85, 0.88, 0.82, 0.99 and 0.99 g respectively at 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30℃. The longevity of male adults was 90.3, 62.8, 47.0 and 38.7 d, and total food consumption was 3.62, 4.67, 4.25 and 4.26 g respectively at 21, 24, 27 and 30℃. The longevity of female adults was 95.8, 63.0, 46.3 and 40.8 d and total food consumption was 6.97, 10.48, 10.41 and 11.90 g respectively at 21, 24, 27 and 30℃. Approximate digestibility reduced with increasing temperature. The efficiency of conversion of ingested food increased in nymphs from the 3rd to 5th instar. While the approximate digestibility was significantly different (P<0.05) at 18 and 30℃, temperature had no effect on the efficiency of conversion of ingested food in adult (P >0.05).