外来入侵害虫西花蓟马防控技术研究与示范
Research progress of the monitoring，forecast and sustainable management of invasive alien pest Frankliniella occidentalis in China
吕要斌1，张治军1，吴青君2，杜予州3，张宏瑞4等
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作者单位：1浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所杭州310021； 2中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所北京100081；3扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院扬州225009； 4云南农业大学植物保护学院昆明650201；5山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所济南250100；6中国农业科学院植物保护研究所北京100094；7南京农业大学植物保护学院南京210095；8华中农业大学植物科技学院武汉430070；9华南农业大学资
中文关键词： 西花蓟马， 监测， 预警， 生物制剂， 可持续管理， 示范
英文关键词：Frakliniella occidentalis，monitoring，forecast，biological control regents，sustai
中文摘要：
针对入侵害虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)在我国部分地区暴发成灾的形势，公益性行业科研专项“外来入侵害虫西花蓟马防控技术研究与示范”项目组在除西藏、台湾、香港和澳门以外的30个省、区和直辖市开展了西花蓟马的调查、监测、预警和综合防控技术研究与示范。结果表明西花蓟马在北京、云南、浙江、山东等14个省市发生危害，尤以云南和北京两地最为严重，在全国呈快速蔓延趋势。明确了西花蓟马在我国的成灾机制；建立了西花蓟马高效诱捕技术；筛选出4种对西花蓟马具有显著控害潜力的本土天敌昆虫及病原微生物；筛选出5种对西花蓟马高效、对环境友好的防治药剂；明确西花蓟马重要发生区域北京和云南种群对主要化学药剂的抗性和机制；分别组建了基于农业措施防治、色板与引诱剂应用的引诱技术、生物防治和高效环保化学农药综合应用的10套西花蓟马防控技术体系，在我国北京、云南、山东和浙江等西花蓟马主要发生区域累计推广面积265万公顷，有效控制了西花蓟马的为害和扩散蔓延。
英文摘要： Investigation，monitoring，forecasting and integrated management of western flower thrips (WFT) Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) were carried out in 30 Chinese provinces, excluding Tibet, Taiwan, Hongkong and Macao. The WFT is distributed in 14 provinces in China, including Beijing, Yunnan, Zhejiang and Shandong. This pest has caused serious damage in Yunnan and Beijing, and is spreading to other regions. The outbreak mechanism of WFT was clarified and effective monitoring techniques for this pest developed. The effects of 4 native, natural enemy species and entomopathogenic fungi were evaluated, and 5 efficient and environmentally friendly pesticides identified. Experiments to monitor the WFT’s mechanism of the resistance to several pesticides were conducted. Methods and strategies for the integrated management of WFT are proposed. Ten prevention and control systems were established and demonstrated in Beijing, Yunnan, Zhejiang and Shandong. During these demonstrations，more than 50 thousand technical handbooks were delivered and 80 thousand farmers were trained on 26.5 thousand hm2 of farms and orchards. This program had obvious economic，ecological and social benefits and proved effective in controlling the damage and spread of WFT.