栎旋木柄天牛取食与产卵选择性研究
Feeding and oviposition preferences of Aphrodisium sauteri
张琼岛1**,嵇保中1***,徐天1,刘曙雯2,吴光喜3,王廷先3,陈正梅3 吴光喜 等
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作者单位：1 南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院南京210037; 2 南京市中山陵园管理局南京210014;3 江西省三清山风景名胜区管理委员会上饶334702
中文关键词：栎旋木柄天牛，取食，产卵，选择
英文关键词： Aphrodisium sauteri ,feeding, oviposition, preference
中文摘要： 栎旋木柄天牛Aphrodisium sauteri（Matsushita）是南方地区栎林的重要害虫之一。对三清山高海拔栎林中栎旋木柄天牛Aphrodisium sauteri Matsushita幼虫危害状况、成虫补充营养习性、成虫的产卵选择等情况进行了调查。结果表明，栎旋木柄天牛对寄主树木的危害具有明显的区域性，海拔、坡向、温湿度等对虫害发生有较大影响。主要危害小叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia)，轻度危害多脉青冈(C.multinervis)、甜槠(Castanopsis eryei)、木荷(Schima superb)等。野外调查和室内试验发现，成虫有取食液体物质的习性，不同营养液对成虫的取食次数具有显著影响。室内产卵选择试验，成虫在8种供试树种的自然枯枝疤痕凹陷处或枝皮裂缝间隙内产卵，不同树种上的产卵量存在显著差异。栎旋木柄天牛对枝条选择性的室内、外研究结果存在差异：室内试验表明，3种寄主树木的不同枝径水平上的产卵量没有显著差异。林间调查表明，栎旋木柄天牛产卵处的高度与小叶青冈胸径之间存在显著的线性相关，成虫更趋向于在枝径15～25 mm、皮厚1～2 mm的枝条产卵。对小叶青冈测量分析表明，枝条直径与枝皮厚度间存在着极显著的线性相关。
英文摘要： Aphrodisium sauteria （Matsushita）is one of the most important pests of oak forests in South China.The feeding and oviposition preferences of A. sauteria were investigated in high altitude oak forests on Sanqingshan Mountain.The degree of damage to different host tree species varied; Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia was more seriously damaged than C.multinervis, Castanopsis eryei or Schima superb.Field and laboratory research found that adult A. sauteria feed on liquid substances, and that the nutritional quality of the fluids they feed on significantly affected feeding time.A choice experiment showed that A. sauteria prefers to lay eggs in bark fissures in twigs, and displayed significant oviposition preferences with regard to the eight species of trees tested.Indoor observations of branch selection were not, however, consistent with the results of field observations.In the laboratory, no significant oviposition preferences for branch diameter were apparent with regard to branches from three host tree species.However, in the field a clear preference for branches of C.myrsinaefolia of 15~25 mm in diameter and a bark thickness of 1~2 mm was observed.There was a significant linear correlation between the height of oviposition sites and the diameter at breast height (DBH) of C.myrsinaefolia, and between branch diameter and bark thickness.