杏树挥发物成分的鉴定及其对杏树皱小蠹的触角电位的测定
Analysis of Prunus armeniaca volatiles and the electroantennogramresponses induced by them in Lcolytus rugulosus
隋学良 许志春 田呈明
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作者单位：北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室北京100083
中文关键词：杏树，杏树皱小蠹，顶空采集，触角电位
英文关键词： Prunus armeniaca，Lcolytus rugulosus，electroantennogram，dynamic headspace analysis
中文摘要：田间观察发现，伐倒木对杏树皱小蠹Lcolytus rugulosus Ratzeburg 有很强的引诱作用。采用顶空吸附采样
方法林间采集杏树不同部位的挥发性成分，经热脱附吹扫捕集－ 气相色谱－ 质谱联用仪( TCT-GC-MS)分析、鉴定
杏树挥发物的组成成分。发现杏树释放的挥发性成分主要由脂肪族的绿叶成分和醛类物质组成，且不同部位的
挥发物种类含量有一定差异。从已分析出的化合物中选取10 种于室内进行杏树皱小蠹的触角电位试验，试验中
以玻璃电极配合Kassiling’s 电生理盐水作为导电电极，反-2-己烯-1-醛作为测定值的参照物，对试验结果进行处
理得到相对反应值。研究表明，皱小蠹的触角对醛类化合物正庚醛、2-乙基丁醛、壬醛等有较强的触角电位反应，
其中对正庚醛相对反应值最大，是对标样反应值的4. 29 倍;对挥发性绿叶成分2-乙基-1-己醇触角电位也有一定
的反应;对单萜烯类化合物α-派烯的触角电位反应较弱。
英文摘要：In recent years，Lcolytus rugulosus Ratzeburg has seriously affected local apricot crops in the Xinjiang area．
Behavioral tests revealed that L． rugulosus is strongly attracted to its host tree Prunus armeniaca． The volatiles emitted
from different parts of host trees were collected in the field by headspace sampling in situ and analyzed in a
Thermodesorption Cold Trap ( TCT) － GC － MS． Two major classes of compounds，aliphatics［mainly green-leaf volatiles
(GLVs)］ and aldehydes，were found in the host tree species investigated． However，differences could be found with
respect to a few components of the blend． Relative response values to different compounds were measured relative to
counter-2 hexenoic-1-aldehyde as a standard． Electroantennograms from the antennae of L． rugulosus were recorded in
response to 10 kinds of compounds selected from the volatiles in the headspace of apricot trees and other sources． The
strongest response was to the aldehydes heptanal，2-ethyl-butana and nonanal． Some EAG amplitudes were also observed
to green leaf alcohols，but only small EAG amplitudes were observed to α-pinene．