Advancement of new prevent and control technologies for aphids in wheat and vegetable

Author of the article:FAN Jia1 LIU Yong2 ZENG Jian-Guo3 GUO Mei4 SUN Jing-Rui1CHENG Pi3 CHEN Ju-Lian1**

Author's Workplace：1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; 2. Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; 3. National Plant Functional Component Utilization Engineering Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 4. Virus-Free Seedling ResearchInstitute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haerbin 150086, China

Key Words：wheat, vegetable, Macleaya cordata, aphid, (E)-β-Farnesene, push-pull strategy, slow releaser of infochemicals, ecological manipulation, crops diversity allocation, botanical insecticide

Abstract：

Domestic and international scientific collaboration over recent years has led to important achievements in basic researchandcontrol techniques for wheat and vegetable aphids. Behavioral manipulation technology has improved through the investigation of the effectiveness of slow released infochemicals, e.g. aphid alarm pheromone [(E)-β-Farnesene, EBF)], in repelling aphids and attracting their natural enemies. This research has clarified the correct dose of infochemical oil in the slow releaser and the effective height of infochemical dispensers above host plants, plus the possibility of coordination with the application of EBF and insecticides. In addition, “push-pull” techniques have been developed that use crop diversity to control aphids. These unequivocally demonstrate that intercropping, or mixing wheat with other crops, has a valuable control effect on aphids, and allows optimal models to be selected base on the required aphid population decrease, the importance of preserving natural enemies and the Land Equivalent Ratio. Plant resource insecticidalcomponent screening has found some bioactive components in Macleaya cordata exacts (MCE), e.g. alkaloids, and plant lectins that are highly toxictowheat aphids. A formula containing sanguinarine from MCE and nicotine has been developed that can achieve a mortality among aphid populationsof98.9%; New crop protection technologies have been integrated and demonstrated in wheat and vegetable fields in Henan, Hebei and Shandongprovinces, and a socio-economic survey and evaluation system adopted to adjust control methods based on feedback from farmers andtechnologytransfer agencies. The final proposed solutions are adapted to localconditions and are therefore more sustainable andefficient,limitthenegativeeffectsofthe conventional pesticide use,enhancefarmers’ income, and ensure food safety.