The population dynamics and monitoring of Apolygus lucorum in vineyards
Author of the article:GAO Su-Hong1, 2** LU Chang-Kuang1*** ZHAO Chun-Ming1 WANG Shuo1 ZHOU Ya-Ru1
Author's Workplace：1. College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Changli 066600, China; 2. Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
Key Words：wine grapes, Apolygus lucorum, population dynamics, monitoring technology, integrated control
Abstract： [Objectives] Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) has become one of the main vineyards pests and its abundance is trending upwards year by yearly. Developing pollution-free, monitoring and comprehensive management techniques for this species is essential to developing high quality wines that are safe for human consumption. [Methods] The annual population dynamics of A. lucorum were systematic investigated at the Chinese Great Wall wine vineyards at Changli, and its main infesting generation and early monitoring technologies are discussed. Factors affecting the occurrence of the dominant natural enemies, and the population trends and control, of A. lucorum were analyzed. [Results] The results show that there were two peak periods of A. lucorum infestations in Chinese Great Wall vineyards each year, affecting early and late grape crops, respectively. The overwintering generation caused the most crop damage and should be the focus of control efforts. Prevention and control of the overwintering generation is the key to decreasing crop damage. There was no obvious relationship between the population trends of predators and A. lucorum. However, a degree of biological control was still observed. No exclusive parasitoids were found. With regard to monitoring, the phenological, temperature indicator and trap-plate monitoring methods were used to monitor the overwintering and the third generation of adults. All three methods achieved credible results. [Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis implies that the factors influencing the occurrence of A. lucorum in vineyards differ significantly from those in other crops. Therefore, the integrated management measures of A. lucorum in vineyards should also differ from those employed elsewhere. Late April to late May is the key period for monitoring, prevention and control of overwintering generation eggs, larvae and adults. In late August, yellow trap plates or deploying A. lucorum sex hormones in the field, can significantly reduce damage to wine grapes.