Artificial induction of sexuales in Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Author of the article:XU Lei** ZHAO Ji-Qiu XU Guo-Qing*** ZHONG Tao ZHAO Tong-Hua
Author's Workplace：Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
Key Words：Aphis glycines, artificial induction, temperature, photoperiod, interaction
Abstract： [Objectives] The soybean aphid is one of the most important pests of soybean crops. The ephemeral sexual stage of this aphid is vital to gene flow within populations. Exploring the conditions which induce the development of sexuales therefore is important for understanding population heredity and ecological adaptive mechanisms. [Methods] The percentages of various morphs in a captive aphid colony were measured under a range of fixed temperature and photoperiod combinations for three successive generations and the influence of related factors analyzed. [Results] Apterous parthenogenic aphids, alate parthenogenic aphids, winged male sexupara, and winged males, were induced successfully. The results show that the most optimal conditions for artificial induction of male sexupara and males were 15℃ combined with 10 hours of light per day, and 12℃ combined with 10 hours of light per day, for three successive generations. The highest ratio of wing dimorphism was induced by 15℃ combined with 8 hours of light per day for three successive generations. Analysis of variance indicates that the most significant influence on the development of sexuales was a temperature-photoperiod interaction, followed by temperature and time. Generation had a significant influence only under certain temperature and photoperiod conditions. [Conclusion] Temperature is the main factor responsible for the induction of sexuales under certain photoperiods, and has an accumulative effect on the proportion of sexuales in combination with photoperiod. The development of sexual individuals is influenced by a significant interaction between temperature, photoperiod and generation.