[Objectives]  To improve the biological control of wheat pests by investigating the population dynamics and community structure of predatory insects in wheat fields. [Methods]  Sweep-netting, pitfall traps, yellow plate and malaise traps were used to collect regular samples of predatory insects which were then identified in the laboratory. [Results]  A total of 1 479 predatory insects from 22 species, 7 families and 4 orders were collected. Propylaea japonica (Thunberg, 1781) was the dominant species. Few predatory insects was collected during the wheat jointing stage, both species number and the number of individual specimens collected gradually increased from the heading to the flowering period, after which species number continued to increase. The number of individuals rapidly rose from the filling to maturing stage. The Shannon-wiener diversity index (H¢) and Pielou evenness index (E) showed the same low-high-low-high trend over time, whereas the Simpson dominant concentration (C) and dominance (B) displayed a high-low-high-low trend. [Conclusion]  The data collected provides basic information to improve the biological control of wheat pests.