Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of two Chaitophorine species (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Author of the article:NIU Fang-Fang1, 2** CHEN Jing2 JIANG Li-Yun2 REN Guo-Dong1 QIAO Ge-Xia2***
Author's Workplace:1. College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Key Words: Chaitophorinae, Periphyllus acerihabitans, Chaetosiphella stipae, mitochondrial genome, phylogenetic relationship
Abstract:
[Objectives] The mitochondrial genome has been widely used
in studies of insect phylogeny. We conducted a comparative analysis of the
mitochondrial genomes of two aphid species in the Chaitophorinae and used these
data to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship between these species. [Methods]
We used a combination of long and
short PCR methods to sequence the mitochondrial genomes of Periphyllus
acerihabitans Zhang and Chaetosiphella stipae Hille Ris Lambers,
1947. We sequenced and predicted tRNA secondary structures using the online
tRNAscan-SE Search Server. We also used BI and ML approaches to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between 12 Aphididae species based
on variation in protein-coding genes sequences
(PCGs). [Results] We
obtained about 94% of the mitochondrial genome sequences of the two aphid
species. That of P. acerihabitans was
14 908 bp long, with a control region length of 1 205 bp,
whereas that of C. stipae was 13 893 bp
long with a control region length of 609 bp. The mitochondrial genome of these two aphids each has
33 genes, including 13 almost complete PCGs (nad5 incomplete), 18 tRNA and 2 rRNA. A ka/ks analysis
indicates that C. stipae evolved faster than P. acerihabitans. The organization of the mitochondrial genome, gene order, nucleotide
composition, codon usage, and secondary tRNA structures, were similar in
both species. The associated phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of
the Chaitophorinae and Aphidinae, because of the basal relationship of
the Chaitophorinae within Aphididae. [Conclusion] P. acerihabitans and C. stipae have similar mitochondrial genomes,
which are also mostly similar to those previously reported for other aphids. There
are, however, differences in the control regions in each species which may lead
to variation in size of the whole genome. Phylogenetic reconstruction supports the monophyly of the Chaitophorinae and Aphidinae. These results will benefit reconstructing the phylogeny of all
aphid species.