[Objectives]  To clarify the effects of short-term exposure to high temperature on the survival and fecundity of Calliptamus italicus in order to provide a theoretical basis for forecasting and prevention of outbreaks of this pest under global warming conditions. [Methods]  Newly-eclosed C. italicus adults (within 24 h of eclosion) were reared in a phytotron at 30℃, and exposed to temperatures of 33, 36, 39 and 42℃ for 4 h every day, respectively, after which they were returned to the phytotron which was kept at 30℃. The control group were not exposed to high temperatures. The survival rates, longevity, female oviposition rates, ovary development, and vitellin content of the ovary of each treatment group were measured. [Results]  Brief exposure to higher temperatures did not affect survival rates but did a significant effect on longevity (P<0.01); 4 h exposure to 33℃ significantly extended the longevity of male and female adults (P<0.01) but exposure to temperatures within the range of 36-42℃ significantly reduced longevity (P<0.01). Higher temperatures had a significant effect on female oviposition rates (P<0.01). The average fecundity of females was increased by exposure to 33℃ for 4 h, but was reduced after exposure to 36-42℃.The length, width, fresh weight and developmental duration of ovaries tended to decline with increasing temperature. Higher temperatures had a significant effect on the length, fresh weight and developmental duration of ovaries (P<0.01), but no significant effect on their width (P>0.05). High temperature had a significant effect on the vitellin content of the ovary (P<0.01) which increased after exposure to 33℃, but decreased following exposure to temperatures in the range of 36-42℃. [Conclusion]  The survival and fecundity of C. italicus significantly increased after exposure to 33℃, but was negatively affected by exposure to temperatures > 36℃.