[Objectives]  To analyze the behavioral effect of queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) on Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica drones, and to investigate the drone mating interference mechanism of these two species. [Methods]  The behavioral responses of mature flying or crawling A. mellifera and A. cerana drones to QMP and (E)-9-oxodec-2-enoic acid (9-ODA, the predominant compound of QMP), were measured using an indoor olfactometer. [Results]  Exposure to three different doses of 9-ODA (3.5, 7.0 and 14.0 μg·μL^﹣1) had no significant effect on the behavior of either A. mellifera and A. cerana drones, but QMP at concentrations of 0.04, 0.2, 1.0 and 7.0 μg·μL^﹣1 had a significant effect on flying A. cerana drones, and on crawling and flying A. mellifera drones, but no significant effect on crawling A. cerana drones. When drones of both species were placed together in the indoor olfactometer 7.0 μg·μL^-1 QMP had a significant effect on both flying and crawling A. mellifera drones, but no significant effect on flying or crawling in A. cerana drones. [Conclusion]  This study suggests that QMP has a repellent effect on A. cerana and A. mellifera drones in the indoor environment.