The incompatibility of using both insecticides and Cotesia chilonis to control Chilo suppressalis in the field
Author of the article:HE Fu-Jing;ZHU Feng;YAN Wei-Fei;LU Ming-Xing;HANG San-Bao;DU Yu-Zhou
Author's Workplace: School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University ; Jiangsu Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station
Key Words:Chilo suppressalis; Cotesia chilonis; control; pesticide; parasitic rate
Abstract:
[Objectives] Increasing crop damage by Chilo suppressalis (Walker) in recent years poses a major threat to rice
production. Due to the resistance of C. suppressalis to multiple
pesticides, the parasitic wasp Cotesia chilonis is gradually becoming
more popular as a biological control for the larvae of C. suppressalis in
the field. The aim of this study was to clarify the ability of insectary-reared C. chilonis to control C. suppressalis in the field, and investigate the effects of various environmentally-friendly
pesticides on both C. suppressalis and C. chilonis. [Methods] The number of dead heart leaves, white ears
and dead boot stages of rice, and the number of live C. suppressalis larvae, following releases of two different densities (125 and 250
cocoons) of C. chilonis and seven different pesticide treatments, was
quantified and to compared. [Results] Both
densities of C. chilonis reduced C. suppressalis damage to the
rice plants; there was no significant difference between the two densities of C.
chilonis in this respect, although more C. suppressalis were parasitized after the higher density of C. chilonis were
released. Among the different pesticide treatments, cyantraniliprole was the
best, followed by chlorantraniliprole, and Bacillus
thuringiensis and dimehypo were the worst. There were also large
differences in the effectiveness of different doses of cyantraniliprole. The
high parasitic rate was found where C. chilonis was released but all
pesticide treatments significantly reduced the number of C. suppressalis
larvae parasitized by C. chilonis. [Conclusion] C. chilonis can effectively control C. suppressalis in the field, but the
optimal density and methodology of releasing C. chilonis requires
further investigation. Although C. suppressalis were parasitized by C.
chilonis where the later were released, all seven insecticides tested
significantly reduced the proportion of C. suppressalis that were
parasitized, indicating that the use of these pesticides is incompatible with
the release of C. chilonis as a biological control. The control of C.
suppressalis should consider not only the pesticide dosages required to
control this pest, but also potential pesticide damage to its natural enemies
and the environment as a whole. The results of this experiment provide both a
theoretical and practical basis for the subsequent establishment of a more
environmentally-friendly strategy for controlling C. suppressalis based
on the use of C. chilonis as a biological control.