Flower-visiting behavior and pollination by honeybees in kiwifruit orchards
Author of the article:HAN Sheng-Ming;LAI Kang;ZHAO Ya-Zhou;BAI Feng;LI Zhi-Fei;PENG Wen-Jun
Author's Workplace:Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Sichuan Province Apiculture Management Station, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Hua Sheng Agricultural Co., LTD. Mianzhu 618200, China
Key Words:kiwifruit; bee pollination; artificial pollination; flower-visiting behavior; fruit yield
Abstract:
[Objectives] To determine which bee species, Apis mellifera ligustica or Apis cerana cerana, is best for kiwifruit pollination, and thereby improve the yield and quality of kiwifruit. [Methods] We compared flower-visiting behavior and pollination by A. c. cerana and A. m. ligustica in a kiwifruit orchard in Mianzhu City, Sichuan Province for 3 years from 2016 to 2018. [Results] Bees were most active during the warmest part of the day; from 12:00 to 14:00. A. m. ligustica visited significantly more flowers than A. c. cerana, which reflects the greater colony size of A. m. ligustica. Feeding petal syrup to A. c. cerana colonies could encourage flower-visiting by this species. Compared to artificial pollination, honeybee pollination can significantly increase the yield of kiwifruit. [Conclusion] Honeybees, especially A. c. cerana, can be efficient pollinators of kiwifruit.