Comparison of the pheromone release rate and degree of mating disruption achieved using four different types of pheromone dispenser to control the oriental fruit moth
Author of the article:XIANG Hui-Ming DIAO Hong-Liang LI Xian-Wei ZHAO Zhi-Guo MA Rui-Yan
Author's Workplace:(Shanxi Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Taigu 030800, China; (Shanxi Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Taigu 030800, China; (Shanxi Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Taigu 030800, China; (Shanxi Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Taigu 030800, China; (Shanxi Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Taigu 030800, China
Key Words:Grapholitha molesta; mating disruption; release rate; dispensers; duration
Abstract:
[Objectives] To determine which of four commonly used pheromone dispensers has the
best pheromone release rate and causes the
most mating disruption to Grapholitha
molesta. [Methods] The release rates of G. molesta sex pheromones from PE
tubes, PE bottles, PE bags and PVC tubes were measured under field conditions
with gas chromatography. Field trials were carried out to determine the
efficacy and longevity of control achieved by each of the four types of
dispenser. [Results] The
release rate of G. molesta sex
pheromone from PE tubes and PE bottles ranged from 0.32 mg/d to 1.62 mg/d
and 0.59 mg/d to 2.73 mg/d, respectively, and the effective duration of
pheromone release from these dispenser types was up to 5 months. The release
rate from PVC tubes was between 0.71 mg/d and 6.86 mg/d within a validity
period of three months. Pheromone in PE bags lasted only one month, and its
release rate ranged from 1.14 mg/d to 19.27 mg/d. The release of G. molesta sex pheromone from the four
dispensers was consistent with the first-order kinetic equation and the
half-life of pheromone in the four dispensers can be ranked, from
high to low, as follows: PE tube > PE bottle > PVC tube > PE bag. All four types of
dispenser achieved > 90% mating
disruption. [Conclusion] PE tubes and PE bottles are the best
dispensers of G. molesta pheromone
because of their relatively stable release rate and long duration of pheromone
release under field conditions.