[Objectives]  To investigate the community structure and diversity of wasps that parasitize hemipteran pests in the rice producing region of southern China, and thereby provide baseline information to facilitate the use of parasitic wasps to control important rice pests in this region. [Methods]  Malaise traps were used to investigate the composition of parasitic wasp communities. [Results]  109 species of primary parasitic wasps, and 9 species of hyperparasitic wasps, were collected. Among the primary parasitic wasps collected, most species (31) belonged to the Mymaridae, followed by the Dryinidae (21). At ten sampling sites, parasitic wasps comprised 20.62%-27.37% of all species collected and 29.81%-57.84% of individual specimens. Most species, and individual specimens, belonged to the Mymaridae, which comprised 28.57%-39.39% and 62.80%-87.73%, respectively, of the total. Parasitic wasps that parasitize the rice planthopper comprised the 19.72%-29.41% of all species collected and 57.47%-85.84% of individual specimens. About 30% of species were distributed over all regions; Anagrus nilaparvatae, Mymar taprobanicum, Paracentrobia andoi, Oligosita shibuyae, O. nephotetticum, Gonatopus flavifemur and Haplogonatopus apicalis were collected from all sampling sites indicating that these species are widely distributed. [Conclusion]  The Mymaridae, Trichogrammidae and Dryinidae are the main wasp taxa that parasitize hemipteran pests in the rice-growing region of southern China. Species diversity is high diversity and dominant species are widely distributed throughout the southern rice-growing region. These findings provide useful baseline information for protecting and utilizing parasitic wasps to control hemipteran pests in paddy fields.