Effects of temperature on the growth, development, adult longevity and reproduction of Leiometopon simyrides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Author of the article:GOU Wen-Shan, MA Wei-Xin, LIU Ning-Yun, HU Gui-Xin, SUN Yao-De
Author's Workplace:College Paracultural of Gansu Agricultural University, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Alpine Rodent Pest Control National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Lanzhou 730070, China
Key Words:Leiometopon simyrides; temperature; growth development; reproduction; developmental threshold temperature; effective accumulated temperature
Abstract:[Objectives] To
explore the influence of temperature on the growth, development, adult
longevity and reproduction of Leiometopon simyrides, an important leaf-feeding insect pest of Nitraria spp., and
thereby improve the ability
to predict the
occurrence of this pest. [Methods] The developmental duration, survival rate of different developmental stages, adult longevity and fecundity of L. simyrides were measured under constant temperatures of 18, 21, 24, 27, 30
and 33 ℃. The developmental threshold temperature and
effective accumulated temperature of each stage were determined using the
effective accumulated temperature law, and the relationship between temperature
and the development rate of each stage was modelled using linear and logistic
models. [Results] The
developmental duration of eggs, larvae and pupae of L. simyrides decreased with increasing temperature within the range
of 18-30 ℃ but exposure to 33 ℃ slightly increased the developmental duration of eggs, 3rd and 5th
instar larvae. The survival rate of eggs and the 1st to 4th instar stages were
all highest at 27 ℃, and the survival rate of pupae was highest (97.50%)
at 21 ℃ and progressively lower at 24 ℃ and 27 ℃. Live pupae entered
diapause at 18 ℃ and 21 ℃. Adults only emerged within the temperature
range of 24-30 ℃. The emergence rate was highest (88.33%) at 27 ℃. The average number of eggs laid per female (235.2) was also highest at
27 ℃ and lowest at 24 ℃. Females did not lay eggs at 30 ℃. The threshold temperatures of eggs, larvae, pupae, and the entire
generation, were 13.01, 10.71,13.45 and 14.60 ℃, respectively, and the corresponding effective accumulated
temperatures were 112.36, 272.15, 167.28 and 475.96 degree-days, respectively. The relationship between developmental rate and
temperature was a better fit to a logistic model than a linear model. [Conclusion] The optimum temperature
range for L. simyrides growth,
development and reproduction is 24-27 ℃.