The species of Pyemotes spp. are parasitoids of many pests insects with unusual life history and morphological characters. They are morphologically divided into two groups, namely, Pyemotes scolyti group and Pyemotes ventricosus group. The toxin of Pyemotes has been studied extensively, which belonged to insect neurotoxin paralyzing and even killing the pest host. Some species may induce human dermatitis. The composition and gene recombination technique of the toxin have been being a hotspot in last two decades. As potential natural enemy, however, there were fewer reports on application of Pyemotes to pest biocontrol. Pyemotes tricit was used to control storage pests and the red imported fire ant in the world, and P. scolyti was used to control bark beetles in China. In recent years, Pyemotes have been successfully used in controlling Semanotus bifasciatus. It suggested a great prospect of Pyemotes for controlling of boring insect. The mechanism of the host selection, determination of host spectrum and parasitic mechanism of the Pyemotes need further research for better use.