Occurrence of an alien insect pest, Paraleyrodes pseudonaranjae in Hainan Province and the effect of temperature on its development
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Key Words：Paraleyrodes pseudonaranjae, host plants, morphology, developmental duration, developmental threshold, effective accumulative temperature
Abstract： The nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes pseudonaranjae Martin, is a new alien pest on Hainan Island, China. The host plants and damage caused by this pest were investigated and the morphology and effect of temperature on its development studied. The results show that P. pseudonaranjae is distributed over the whole island. 37 species of host plants belonging to 20 families and 29 genera were identified; preferred hosts included Cocos nucifera, Areca catecthu, Annona squamosa, Citrus sp. and Psidium guajava. P. pseudonaranjae has three stages of development; eggs, nymphs (four instars) and adults. Between 18℃ and 27℃ the developmental duration of a generation increased with temperature; the shortest (16.38 d) and longest (37.41 d) duration occurring at 27℃ and 18℃ respectively. The developmental velocity of different stages reduced at 30℃. There was a parabolic curve regression relationship between the developmental velocities of different stages and temperature. The developmental threshold and the effective accumulative temperature for a whole generation were estimated to be 9.56℃ and 307.75 degree-days, respectively. We estimate that there could be 16 to 17 generations of this pest per year on Hainan Island.