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2012年49 No.6
Bioassay of botanical attractants to Bactrocera dorsalis
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Key Words：Bactrocera dorsalis，plant extract，host fruit，secondary substance，bioassay
Abstract： The attractiveness of protein bait to Bactrocera dorsalis ( Hendel) can be significantly increased by botanical attractants． In this paper，a bioassay of plant extracts and fruit from hosts，including citrus，guava，mango，papaya and star fruit，and other plant secondary substances was conducted． The results show that star fruit plant compounds extractedusing dichloromethane were the most attractive，with an average attractant rate of 20. 83% ． Comparing different extractionagents，dichloromethane and ethanol were superior to petroleum ether; the average attractant rate of these three extractsbeing 15. 67% ，15. 17% and 10． 50% respectively． Of the different host plants，citrus had the best attractants，with anaverage attractant rate of 18． 33% and individual attractant rates for the three extraction agents of 20. 00% ，15. 83% and19. 17% respectively． The attractiveness ranking of the host plants was，in descending order，star fruit，papaya，mango， uava，with corresponding average attractant rates of 17. 22% ，11. 67% ，11. 11% and 10. 56% ． With regard to hostplant fruits，citrus was significantly more attractive than star fruit，guava and papaya，with an average attractant rate of65． 83% ，and attractant rates for female and male adults of 61． 67% and 70. 00% respectively． In contrast，the averageattractant rates of star fruit，guava and papaya were 31. 67% ，31. 67% and 21. 67% respectively． With regard to plantsecondary substances the average attractant rate of methyl eugenol was 45． 00% ，with rates for males and females of86. 67% and 3. 33% respectively． Ethyl acetate and guava flavor were less attractive than methyl eugenol，with an averageattractant rate of 32. 50% and 28． 33% respectively and an attractant rate for females of 36. 67% ． The attractiveness of
star fruit and citric acid flavors was low，averaging 25． 00% and 26. 67% respectively．