薇甘菊五种溶剂提取物对褐稻虱种群的干扰作用
Interferential effects of five solvent extracts from Mikania micrantha on Nilaparvata lugens
钟平生1，2**,梁广文1***,曾 玲1
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DOI：
作者单位：1.华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室 广州 510642; 2.惠州学院生命科学系 惠州 516007
中文关键词：不同溶剂提取物, 褐稻虱, 薇甘菊, 驱避作用
英文关键词： different solvent extracts, Nilaparvata lugens, Mikania micrantha, deterrent effect
中文摘要：
室内测定了薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)5种溶剂提取物对褐稻虱Nilaparvata lugens Stol种群的干扰作用。结果表明, 处理后48 h，氯仿提取物和乙醇提取物驱避褐稻虱成虫产卵的作用显著，驱避率分别达86.44%、83.90%；干扰成虫取食效果最好的为乙醇提取物与乙酸乙酯提取物，拒食率分别达74.19%、51.86%；提取物对褐稻虱成虫、若虫具有一定的毒杀活性，其中对1~2龄若虫的活性较强的为乙醇提取物、氯仿提取物和乙醚提取物，对成虫的毒杀活性最强的为乙酸乙酯提取物。综上所述，氯仿提取物和乙醇提取物对褐稻虱实验种群的干扰效果最强，干扰作用控制指数(IIPC)分别达0.0428、0.0515。考虑生物活性、提取效率、溶剂价格与毒性等因素，认为乙醇是一种比较理想的提取杀虫活性成分的有机溶剂。
英文摘要： The interferential effect of five solvent extracts from the plant Mikania micrantha on the Brown Planthopper (BPH), Nilapavata lugens Stol, was tested in a laboratory. The results indicate that chloroform and ethanol extracts were the best oviposition deterrents after 48 h, reducing oviposition by 86.44% and 83.90% respectively. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were the best browse deterrents, reducing browsing by 74.19% and 51.86% respectively. All five solvent extracts were to some degree toxic to instars and adults. Ethanol, chloroform and ether extracts were most toxic to 1st and 2nd instars, however, ethyl acetate extract was more toxic to adults. Chloroform and ethanol extracts had the strongest effects on the experimental population of BPH having IIPCs (Interference index of population control) of 0.0428 and 0.0515 respectively. Considering bioactivity, extraction efficiency, price and toxicity, ethanol is the best organic solvent with which to extract active components from M. micrantha.