龟纹瓢虫不同斑型在寄主作物的分布频率及捕食反应
Distribution frequencies of phenotypes of Propylea japonica among different host crops and their predation responses
潘 悦*, 周兴苗,陈华爽,雷朝亮**
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作者单位：湖北省昆虫资源利用与害虫可持续治理重点实验室 武汉 430070
中文关键词： 龟纹瓢虫, 色斑变型, 寄主作物, 分布频率, 捕食反应
英文关键词： Propylea japonica, phenotypes, host crops, frequency distribution, predation response
中文摘要：
本研究调查了龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica (Thunberg)色斑变型在蚕豆、小麦和玉米田的分布频率，并对其捕食反应进行测定。结果表明,在3种作物中，龟纹瓢虫斑型种类有锚斑变型ancora、双二变型dionea、肩斑变型feliciae、鼎斑变型tessellate和黄缘变型marginata。其中，锚斑变型在3种作物中所占比率均为最大，约占采集总数的44.87%，而黄缘变型最少，仅占0.60%。不同作物中4种主要斑型的雌虫比率在30.47%~60.71%之间，锚斑变型的雌虫比率均小于50%。不同色斑型的龟纹瓢虫取食相同食物后，各斑型的雌虫食蚜数、日增重和摄食效率高于雄虫。锚斑变型的雄虫比肩斑变型的雄虫捕食蚜虫多，肩斑变型的雌虫摄食效率高于双二变型的雌虫。
英文摘要：The frequencies of different phenotypes of Propylea japonica (Thumberg) collected in broad bean, wheat and corn fields were surveyed, and their responses to predation were investigated. The results show that five phenotypes, ancora, dionea, feliciae, tessellate and marginata, occurred in these crops. Ancora was the predominant phenotype in all three crops comprising 44.87% of the population, whereas marginata was the least abundant comprising just 0.60%. The proportion of females in these four main phenotypes ranged from 30.47% to 60.71%; less than 50% of ancora individuals were female. The results also indicate that the voracity, daily weight gain and feeding efficiency of females were higher than those of males feeding on the same food. The voracity of ancora males was higher than of feliciae males, and the feeding efficiency of feliciae females was higher than that of dionea females.