温度对大猿叶虫成虫繁殖和繁殖后滞育的影响
Effect of temperature on reproduction and diapause of adults in the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi
徐 婧 , 匡先钜, 肖花美,肖海军, 薛芳森**
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DOI：
作者单位：江西农业大学昆虫研究所 南昌 330045
中文关键词： 大猿叶虫, 温度, 产卵量, 卵孵化率, 寿命, 滞育
英文关键词：Colaphellus bowringi, temperature, egg production, egg hatching, longevity, diapause
中文摘要： 大猿叶虫Colaphellus bowringi Baly 是十字花科蔬菜上的重要害虫。在田间，该虫的繁殖期出现在春季和秋季，以成虫在土中越夏和越冬。本试验在光周期L∶D=16∶8条件下，系统调查了不同温度(20、25和28 ℃)对大猿叶虫非滞育成虫繁殖的影响。结果表明：每雌平均日产卵量在28℃最大(51.24±2.90)粒，显著高于25℃和20℃的(39.57±2.86)粒和(31.53 ±2.02)粒，但由于28℃下的产卵持续时间明显短，导致了总产卵量在这3种温度间没有显著差异；28 ℃下的卵孵化率低于20 ℃和25 ℃，但没有显著差异；随着温度的升高，成虫寿命逐渐缩短，20℃与28℃间的雌虫寿命存在显著差异，20℃与25℃，28℃的雄虫寿命存在显著差异；在20、25、28℃下，均有30%的个体经历一段时间繁殖后进入滞育，其滞育前的产卵持续时间随着温度的升高而明显缩短，总产卵量也随着温度的升高而下降。
英文摘要： The cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly is a serious pest of crucifers. There are two distinct infestations in the field, one in spring and another in autumn. The beetle aestivates and hibernates as an adult in the soil. The effect of temperature on reproduction and diapause of adults in C. bowringi was systematically investigated at 20℃, 25℃ and 28℃ under L∶D=16∶8. The results show that mean daily egg production was highest at 28℃ (51.24±2.90) eggs, significantly higher than at 25℃ (39.57±2.86) eggs and 20℃ (31.53 ±2.02) eggs. However, there was no significant difference in the total number of eggs per female between these three temperatures due to the shortening of egg production with increasing temperature. The hatching rate of eggs at 28℃ was lower than at 20℃ and 25℃, but not significantly so. The lifespan of adults shortened with increasing temperature. The longevity of females was only significantly different between 20℃ and 28℃, whereas there were significant differences in the longevity of males at all three temperatures. About 30% adults entered diapause after they experienced a period of egg production. The duration of egg production for diapausing females gradually shortened with increasing temperature, and the total number of eggs produced also declined with temperature.