脐腹小蠹形态特征和生物学特性
Morphological traits and bionomics of Scolytus schevyrewi Seme.（Coleoptera: Scolytidae）
范丽华1**,张金桐1***,李月华2,骆有庆3,宗世祥3,杨美红1宗世祥 等
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作者单位：1山西农业大学化学生态研究所太谷030801;2宁夏盐池县环境保护与林业局盐池751500;3北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室北京100083
中文关键词：榆树, 脐腹小蠹, 形态特征, 生物学特性，宁夏
英文关键词：elm, Scolytus schevyrewi, morphological traits, bionomics, Ningxia
中文摘要： 脐腹小蠹Scolytus schevyrewi Seme.是榆树的一种重要蛀干害虫。本研究在宁夏盐池县通过室内观察和林间调查相结合，研究了脐腹小蠹的形态特征及其生活史、成虫寿命、习性、交尾行为等生物学特性。结果显示：脐腹小蠹虫在宁夏盐池县一年发生2代，以老熟幼虫或蛹越冬，老熟幼虫约占98.2%，蛹约占1.8%。越冬幼虫于5月上旬开始化蛹，5月中旬为化蛹盛期，5月下旬开始羽化，6月上旬为羽化盛期。第2代幼虫于6月底、7月初开始化蛹，7月下旬达羽化盛期，8月上旬羽化结束；脐腹小蠹雌成虫平均寿命为（27.14±3.74） d，雄成虫的平均寿命为(16.86±4.13) d，差异显著(P< 0.05)；此外，脐腹小蠹无滞育现象；脐腹小蠹的4种天敌，分别是榆小蠹长茧蜂Elachistocontrum sp.、虱形螨Pedieuloids ventricosus Newport、拟截斑郭公虫Thansimus sp.和蠼螋 Labidura sp.。
英文摘要： The banded elm bark beetle (BEBB), Scolytus schevyrewi Seme.（Coleoptera: Scolytidae）is one of the elm boring pests. The morphological traits and bionomics of BEBB, including life cycle, adult lifespan, habits and mating behaviors, were observed in the laboratory and in the field in Yanchi county, Ningxia Province. There were two generations of BEBB per year. The pest overwintered in the form of mature larvae (98.2%) and pupae (1.8%). Mature larvae began to pupate in early May with a peak of pupation in mid May. Adults started to emerge from late May with a peak in early June. Second generation larvae pupated from late June till early July with a peak in late July and pupation ending in early August. The average lifespan of female and male adults was significantly different; (27.14±3.74) d for females and (16.86±4.13) d for males (P < 0.05). Diapause was not observed. Four kinds of natural enemies of BEBB; Elachistocontrum sp., Pedieuloids ventricosus Newport, Thansimus sp. and Labidura sp., were found.